Matter

What does the kinetic molecular theory state about gas particles?

• Gas particles are in constant random motion, occupy a large volume, and collide elastically.

• Gas particles move in a straight line without any interaction.

• Gas particles are stationary and do not collide.

• Gas particles have a fixed volume and shape.

How does the kinetic energy of gas particles compare to that of solid particles?

• The kinetic energy of gas particles is greater than that of solid particles.

• The kinetic energy of gas particles is negligible compared to that of solid particles.

• The kinetic energy of gas particles is equal to that of solid particles.

• The kinetic energy of gas particles is less than that of solid particles.

mark properties of solids.

• Fluidity

• Fixed density

• Definite color

• Most intermolecular space

What happens to the particles in a liquid when it is heated?

• The particles in a liquid move faster and spread apart when heated.

• The particles in a liquid shrink and become denser when heated.

• The particles in a liquid stop moving when heated.

• The particles in a liquid become solid when heated.

What is the effect of increasing temperature on particle motion in gases?

• Higher temperatures lead to gas particles clumping together.

• Temperature has no effect on the motion of gas particles.

• Increasing temperature causes gas particles to move slower.

• Increasing temperature causes gas particles to move faster and collide more frequently.

How do the properties of liquids differ from those of gases?

• Liquids have a definite volume and take the shape of their container, while gases have neither a definite volume nor shape, expanding to fill their container.

• Liquids have a definite shape and expand to fill their container, while gases have a definite volume.

• Liquids can be compressed easily, while gases cannot be compressed at all.

• Liquids have no definite volume and take the shape of their container, while gases have a definite volume.

What happens to the energy of a substance during melting?

• The energy of a substance remains constant during melting.

• The energy of a substance increases as it absorbs heat during melting.

• The energy of a substance is converted into light during melting.

• The energy of a substance decreases as it releases heat during melting.

Explain how pressure affects the state of matter of a substance.

• Pressure can change the state of matter by compressing gases into liquids or solids and allowing liquids to vaporize.

• Pressure only affects the temperature of a substance.

• Pressure has no effect on the state of matter.

• Increasing pressure always turns solids into gases.

What is the relationship between temperature and the kinetic energy of particles?

• Higher temperature leads to lower kinetic energy of particles.

• Temperature has no effect on the kinetic energy of particles.

• Kinetic energy is independent of temperature changes.

• Higher temperature corresponds to higher kinetic energy of particles.

Describe the process of condensation in terms of particle motion.

• Condensation is the process where liquid particles lose energy and become solid.

• During condensation, solid particles vibrate rapidly and form gas.

• Condensation is the process where gas particles lose energy, slow down, and come together to form liquid droplets.

• Condensation occurs when liquid particles gain energy and spread apart.