Summer II -US History Pre/Post Test

Why was the Bracero Program created in 1942?

• To deport undocumented workers from Mexico

• To allow American workers to move to Mexico

• To provide free education for Mexican citizens

• To bring Mexican laborers to fill jobs during World War II

Why did many Bracero workers avoid returning to Mexico between contracts?

• They planned to attend school in the U.S.

• They were offered government housing

• They hadn’t earned enough to repay debts and wanted to avoid border inspections

• They were not legally allowed to cross back into Mexico

What was the purpose and effect of Operation Wetback in 1954?

• It helped Mexicans become U.S. citizens

• It led to the deportation of over a million Mexicans

• It increased wages for Bracero workers

• It encouraged more legal immigration

Why did the U.S. government end the Bracero Program in 1964?

• The Mexican government demanded it

• The U.S. no longer needed food from farms

• Some Americans believed it hurt U.S. worker wages and increased immigration issues

• The program was no longer funded by Congress

What happened after the Bracero Program officially ended?

• Mexican immigration to the U.S. stopped

• Workers were banned from U.S. farms

• Employers continued to hire migrant and undocumented workers

• The U.S. stopped all labor programs with Mexico

The benefits of the Bracero Program, including earning money and job opportunities, outweighed the challenges, such as discrimination, debt, and poor working conditions. Do you agree?

What event sparked the Tulsa Race Massacre on May 31, 1921?

• A protest against racial segregation

• A dispute over voting rights

• A newspaper report accusing a Black man of assaulting a white woman

• A robbery in the Greenwood District

Why was the Greenwood District referred to as "Black Wall Street"?

• It was the location of the first African American-owned bank in America

• It had a strong presence of civil rights organizations

• It was a wealthy and self-sustaining Black community with successful businesses

• It was where stock trading took place among African Americans

How did city officials and law enforcement respond to the violence during the massacre?

• They quickly intervened to stop the violence

• They arrested the white attackers and defended Black residents

• They remained neutral and allowed events to unfold

• They failed to stop the violence and in some cases helped the white mob

What role did the Oklahoma state legislature play in uncovering the truth about the massacre years later?

• They passed laws providing reparations to victims

• They denied the massacre ever happened

• They formed a commission in 1997 to investigate the events

• They issued a formal apology in 1922