M5L21 - MP Quiz - Entropy

The water solubility of carboxylic acids is mainly due to:

• their ability to form hydrogen bonds with water

• their large hydrocarbon chains

• their nonpolar nature

• their inability to ionize in water

Write an equation for the reaction of ethanoic acid with sodium carbonate and name the product.

• CH3COOH + Na2CO3 → 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O; Sodium ethanoate

• CH3COOH + Na2CO3 → CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O; Sodium carbonate

• CH3COOH + Na2CO3 → 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O; Sodium carbonate

• CH3COOH + Na2CO3 → CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O; Sodium ethanoate

Select the correct equation, reagents, and conditions for the formation of ethyl ethanoate.

• CH3COOH + C2H5OH ⇌ CH3COOC2H5 + H2O; Reagents: Concentrated H2SO4; Conditions: Warm under reflux

• CH3COOH + CH3OH ⇌ CH3COOCH3 + H2O; Reagents: Dilute HCl; Conditions: Room temperature

• C2H5OH + H2O ⇌ C2H5OH2+ + OH-; Reagents: NaOH; Conditions: Heat

• CH3COOH + C2H5OH ⇌ CH3COOC2H5 + H2O; Reagents: NaOH; Conditions: Cold

Select the correct equation for the formation of an acyl chloride from ethanoic acid and name the product.

• CH3COOH + SOCl2 → CH3COCl + SO2 + HCl; Product: Ethanoyl chloride

• CH3COOH + NaCl → CH3COONa + HCl; Product: Sodium ethanoate

• CH3COOH + H2O → CH3COOH2+ + OH-; Product: Ethanoic acid hydrate

• CH3COOH + NH3 → CH3CONH2 + H2O; Product: Ethanamide

Small carboxylic acids are more soluble in water than larger carboxylic acids because:

• they have a smaller hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain, allowing better interaction with water molecules.

• they have a higher molecular weight, which increases solubility.

• they form stronger ionic bonds with water.

• they are less likely to form hydrogen bonds with water.

For the reaction: 2CH3COOH + Na2CO3 → 2CH3COONa + H2O + CO2, name the product formed in this reaction.

• Sodium ethanoate

• Sodium chloride

• Potassium carbonate

• Calcium acetate

Identify the reactants, products, and conditions for the esterification reaction shown in the diagram.

• Reactants: Ethanoic acid (CH3COOH) and ethanol (CH3CH2OH); Products: Ethyl ethanoate (CH3COOCH2CH3) and water (H2O); Conditions: Warm, concentrated sulfuric acid, reflux.

• Reactants: Methanoic acid (HCOOH) and methanol (CH3OH); Products: Methyl methanoate (HCOOCH3) and water (H2O); Conditions: Cold, dilute hydrochloric acid.

• Reactants: Propanoic acid (C2H5COOH) and propanol (C3H7OH); Products: Propyl propanoate (C2H5COOC3H7) and water (H2O); Conditions: Room temperature, no catalyst.

• Reactants: Ethanoic acid (CH3COOH) and methanol (CH3OH); Products: Methyl ethanoate (CH3COOCH3) and water (H2O); Conditions: Warm, concentrated sodium hydroxide.

For the reaction: CH3COOH + SOCl2 → CH3COCl + SO2 + HCl, name the product formed in this reaction.

• Ethanoyl chloride

• Ethanol

• Methanoyl chloride

• Acetone