4.4 Wave Erosion

What is a sea arch?

• A natural rock formation created by volcanic activity.

• A type of bridge built over the sea.

• A natural rock formation that is formed when waves erode a layer of softer rock, creating a hollowed-out area that connects two sides.

• A man-made structure used for fishing.

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What is a sea cave?

• A hollow area formed by the erosion of rock by waves, typically found along coastlines.

• A type of underwater tunnel created by marine life.

• A cave that is filled with seawater and serves as a habitat for fish.

• A geological formation that occurs only in freshwater lakes.

What happens to rocks when waves hit them with great force?

• They become smoother and shinier.

• They break apart.

• They float on the water's surface.

• They change color due to erosion.

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What role does sediment play in wave erosion?

• Sediment is only deposited on the shore and does not contribute to erosion.

• Sediment, like sand and gravel, is picked up by waves and can contribute to the erosion of rocks and shorelines.

• Sediment prevents wave erosion by reinforcing the shoreline.

• Sediment is irrelevant to wave erosion and has no impact.

What is the significance of wave energy in erosion?

• Wave energy has no effect on erosion.

• Wave energy determines how much force is exerted on rocks and sediments, influencing the rate of erosion.

• Wave energy only affects the temperature of the water.

• Wave energy is only significant in calm waters.

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What is the relationship between wave height and erosion?

• Higher wave heights lead to less erosion due to reduced force on coastal rocks.

• Higher wave heights generally lead to more powerful erosion, as they exert greater force on coastal rocks.

• Wave height has no effect on erosion.

• Lower wave heights cause more erosion than higher wave heights.

What are coastal cliffs?

• Steep rock faces formed by the erosion of land by waves, often found along rugged coastlines.

• Flat land areas near the ocean that are safe for swimming.

• Gentle slopes leading down to the beach that are ideal for picnics.

• High sand dunes that protect the shore from erosion.

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How do waves erode softer rock compared to harder rock?

• Waves erode softer rock faster than harder rock because softer materials are less resistant to the force of the waves.

• Waves erode harder rock faster than softer rock due to its density.

• Waves have no effect on the erosion of rock regardless of its hardness.

• Waves erode both types of rock at the same rate regardless of their hardness.

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What are some human activities that can affect wave erosion?

• Construction, beach nourishment, and coastal defenses

• Planting trees along the coast

• Reducing fishing activities

• Increasing tourism in coastal areas

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What is a beach?

• A landform along the shoreline of an ocean, river, or lake, consisting of loose particles like sand or gravel.

• A type of plant that grows near water bodies.

• A geological formation made entirely of rocks and boulders.

• A man-made structure for recreational activities.