Which of the following algorithms correctly determines if a customer is allowed to see a film with a 15 rating, based on the given criteria? A = input("Is the customer 15 or over?") B = input("Does the customer have a ticket?") C = input("Does the customer have money to buy a ticket?") What should the decision statement be?

if A and (B or C): print("Allowed") else: print("Not allowed")

if (A or B) and C: print("Allowed") else: print("Not allowed")

if (A and B) or C: print("Allowed") else: print("Not allowed")

if A or (B and C): print("Allowed") else: print("Not allowed")

Which of the following best describes the algorithm for an electronic voting booth in OCR town's election with candidates A, B, and C?

It allows voters to enter A, B, or C, tracks votes for each candidate, allows the next person to vote after one finishes, and lets an official type 'END' to print vote counts and totals.

It only allows voters to enter A or B, tracks votes for each candidate, and ends automatically after 10 votes.

It allows voters to enter any letter, does not track votes, and ends after a fixed time period.

It allows voters to enter A, B, or C, but does not allow officials to end the voting early.

State why the computer needs to translate the code before it is executed.

The computer needs to translate the code because it can only understand machine code, not high-level programming languages.

The computer needs to translate the code to make it run faster on all devices.

The computer needs to translate the code so it can display graphics properly.

The computer needs to translate the code to save memory space.

Describe two differences between how a compiler and an interpreter would translate Harry's computer game.

1. A compiler translates the entire code at once and creates an executable file, while an interpreter translates and executes the code line by line. 2. Compiled programs generally run faster after compilation, while interpreted programs may run slower because they are translated during execution.

1. A compiler translates code line by line, while an interpreter translates the entire code at once. 2. Interpreted programs generally run faster than compiled programs because they are pre-translated.

1. Both a compiler and an interpreter create an executable file before running the program. 2. Compilers and interpreters always translate code at the same speed.

1. A compiler only works with web-based games, while an interpreter only works with desktop games. 2. Interpreters cannot execute code line by line.

Which of the following are two ways Finn can improve the maintainability of the program?

Use meaningful variable names and add comments to explain code sections.

Increase the length of the program and use more complex logic.

Remove all comments and use single-letter variable names.

Avoid breaking the program into functions and write all code in one block.

(b) Identify two variables used in the program.

The two variables used in the program are 'x' and 'y'.

The two variables used in the program are 'a' and 'b'.

The two variables used in the program are 'sum' and 'total'.

The two variables used in the program are 'input' and 'output'.

Which of the following are features of an IDE (Integrated Development Environment) that Finn might use?

Syntax highlighting and debugging tools

Spreadsheet calculations and chart generation

Photo editing and image filters

Video streaming and playback controls

an error that causes a program to operate incorrectly but does not prevent it from running

an error that prevents a program from compiling

an error that occurs when the syntax is incorrect

an error that causes the computer to crash immediately

The program uses the letters in the following list to represent musical notes: C D E F G A B When the user inputs a letter from this list, the program outputs the next three notes in the list. If it gets to the end of the list, it starts again from the beginning, so the next note after B is C. Complete the test plan below by stating, for each input data, the expected outcome and a reason for the test. Input Data: C

Expected outcome: D, E, F Reason for test: To check that the program correctly outputs the next three notes when starting from the beginning of the list.

Expected outcome: E, F, G Reason for test: To check that the program skips the first two notes and starts from the third note.

Expected outcome: C, D, E Reason for test: To check that the program includes the input note in the output.

Expected outcome: F, G, A Reason for test: To check that the program outputs the notes after skipping the first five notes.

The program uses the letters in the following list to represent musical notes: C D E F G A B When the user inputs a letter from this list, the program outputs the next three notes in the list. If it gets to the end of the list, it starts again from the beginning, so the next note after B is C. Complete the test plan below by stating, for each input data, the expected outcome and a reason for the test. Input Data: A

Expected outcome: B, C, D Reason for test: To check that the program wraps around to the beginning of the list after reaching the end.

Expected outcome: C, D, E Reason for test: To check that the program outputs the next three notes without wrapping around.

Expected outcome: A, B, C Reason for test: To check that the program starts from the input note and continues sequentially.

Expected outcome: D, E, F Reason for test: To check that the program skips notes and does not wrap around.

The program uses the letters in the following list to represent musical notes: C D E F G A B When the user inputs a letter from this list, the program outputs the next three notes in the list. If it gets to the end of the list, it starts again from the beginning, so the next note after B is C. Complete the test plan below by stating, for each input data, the expected outcome and a reason for the test. Input Data: H

Expected outcome: Error or no output Reason for test: To check how the program handles invalid input that is not in the list.

Expected outcome: The program outputs the next three notes after H Reason for test: To check if the program can handle notes outside the list.

Expected outcome: The program outputs C D E Reason for test: To check if the program defaults to the start of the list for unknown input.

Expected outcome: The program outputs nothing and crashes Reason for test: To check if the program fails on invalid input.

State what is meant by selection using examples from Julie's algorithm.

Selection is the process of making a decision in an algorithm, usually using an IF statement to choose between different actions based on a condition.

Selection is the process of repeating a set of instructions until a condition is met, often using a loop.

Selection is the process of storing data in a variable for later use in an algorithm.

Selection is the process of sorting data in ascending or descending order within an algorithm.

Give an example of selection from Julie's algorithm.

If KeyPressed = PlayerKey THEN ... END IF

State what is meant by iteration using examples from Julie's algorithm.

Iteration is the process of repeating a set of instructions multiple times, usually using loops such as REPEAT...UNTIL.

Iteration is the process of writing instructions only once and never repeating them.

Iteration means storing data in a table for future use.

Iteration is the process of checking conditions only once in an algorithm.

Give an example of iteration from Julie's algorithm.

REPEAT ... UNTIL Position = 100

Define abstraction in computer science.

Abstraction is removing/hiding/obscuring unnecessary detail, focusing on the important detail, and simplifying the problem or reducing complexity to make it easier to solve or understand.

Abstraction is the process of adding more details to a problem to make it more complex.

Abstraction is the act of physically removing hardware components from a computer system.

Abstraction is the process of encrypting data to protect it from unauthorized access.

Give a suitable example of abstraction in a system, such as what can be focused on (e.g., player name, match results, goals scored), what can be removed/hidden (anything relevant that is not results/goals scored), or a simplification made.

Example: Focusing on match results and removing player names in a football match system.

Example: Including every player's personal information in match reports.

Example: Displaying all possible statistics, including irrelevant ones, for every match.

Example: Listing the weather conditions for each match instead of the results.

What is a constant in programming?

A constant is a value that does not change while the program is running. Example: Noise.

A constant is a variable that changes its value frequently during execution.

A constant is a function that returns different values each time.

A constant is a type of loop that repeats indefinitely.

What is a variable? Provide an example of a variable in a program.

A location in memory to store / a value that may change (as the program is running). Example: Wins / Losses / Net / Goals.

A fixed value that cannot be changed during program execution. Example: 3.14 / 100 / 'Hello'.

A type of error that occurs when a program is running. Example: SyntaxError / RuntimeError.

A function that performs a specific task in a program. Example: print() / input() / len().

Abstraction in Programming (Football Program Scenario)

Authored by Mark Ross

Computers

9th Grade

Abstraction in Programming (Football Program Scenario)

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Abstraction is defined as:

The process of hiding unnecessary details and showing only essential features.

The process of converting code into machine language.

The process of writing code without any errors.

The process of compiling a program.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following is an example of how abstraction could be used when developing this program?

Creating a function to handle user input without showing the internal code.

Writing all code in a single main function.

Using only global variables for all data storage.

Displaying all program details to the user at every step.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

State what is meant by a constant and give an example from the algorithm above.

A constant is a value that does not change during the execution of an algorithm; for example, 5 in the algorithm above.

A constant is a variable that can change its value during the execution of an algorithm; for example, x in the algorithm above.

A constant is a function used to repeat steps in an algorithm; for example, loop() in the algorithm above.

A constant is a type of input provided by the user; for example, userInput in the algorithm above.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

State what is meant by a variable and give an example from the algorithm above.

A variable is a named storage location in an algorithm, such as 'total' in the algorithm above.

A variable is a fixed value that cannot change, such as 5 in the algorithm above.

A variable is a type of algorithm, such as 'sort' in the algorithm above.

A variable is a step in the algorithm, such as 'start' in the algorithm above.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

State the number of goals that will be output by this algorithm for the following inputs. Wins = 30 Losses = 25

The answer cannot be determined from the image alone as the algorithm is not provided. The student is expected to explain their reasoning based on the algorithm, which is not visible in the image.

The number of goals will be 55 as it is the sum of wins and losses.

The number of goals will be 5 as it is the difference between wins and losses.

The number of goals will be 30 as it is equal to the number of wins.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

State the number of goals that will be output by this algorithm for the following inputs. Wins = 20 Losses = 5

The answer cannot be determined from the image alone as the algorithm is not provided. The student is expected to explain their reasoning based on the algorithm, which is not visible in the image.

The number of goals will be 25.

The number of goals will be 15.

The number of goals will be 0.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

A computer program calculates the correct dose in grams of a type of medicine. The algorithm used is shown by the flow diagram below. According to the flowchart, what is the dose if the patient's age is 25?

2 grams

Age * 0.1 grams

1.5 grams

Dose * 0.5 grams

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Abstraction in Programming (Football Program Scenario)

Abstraction is defined as:

Which of the following is an example of how abstraction could be used when developing this program?

State what is meant by a constant and give an example from the algorithm above.

State what is meant by a variable and give an example from the algorithm above.

State the number of goals that will be output by this algorithm for the following inputs. Wins = 30 Losses = 25

State the number of goals that will be output by this algorithm for the following inputs. Wins = 20 Losses = 5

A computer program calculates the correct dose in grams of a type of medicine. The algorithm used is shown by the flow diagram below. According to the flowchart, what is the dose if the patient's age is 25?

A computer program calculates the correct dose in grams of a type of medicine. The algorithm used is shown by the flow diagram below. If a patient is a 15-year-old female who is not pregnant, what is the calculated dose?

A computer program calculates the correct dose in grams of a type of medicine. The algorithm used is shown by the flow diagram below. Fill in the blank: If the patient's age is less than 20, the dose is calculated as _______.

If a female patient is pregnant and the calculated dose is greater than 1.5 grams, what will the final dose be?

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