Diseases revision

What is the method of introduction and infection for Honey fungus?

• Spreads in two main ways – through spores from the gills on the mushrooms and mycelium (boot laces) under the soil and bark.

• Only through direct contact with sunlight.

• By being carried by insects from flower to flower.

• Through water droplets on the leaves.

What is the method of introduction and infection for Box blight?

• Spreads in wet humid conditions - pinkish spore-producing bodies appear on the undersides of leaves and asexual spores are carried in water splashes to new sites. Fallen leaves carry the disease over the winter and new spores are produced in the spring. Also spreads on tools so important to disinfect after use.

• Transmitted by insects feeding on the leaves, leaving behind eggs that hatch into larvae which infect the plant.

• Introduced through contaminated soil only, with no spread via water or tools.

• Spread exclusively by wind-borne seeds that carry the disease to healthy plants.

What is the method of introduction and infection for Ash dieback?

• Can affect ash trees of all ages. Younger trees succumb to the disease quicker. It is a fungus that overwinters in leaf litter and the small white spores are released on the wind and can blow as much as 10 miles.

• It is a bacterial disease spread only by insects feeding on ash leaves.

• It is a virus that infects ash trees through contaminated water sources.

• It is a genetic disorder passed from parent trees to offspring.

What is the method of introduction and infection for Phytophthora?

• Can spread from plant to plant through root contact, Most rapidly when rainfall contact, Most rapidly when rainfall coincides with warm temperatures.

• Spread only through airborne spores in dry conditions.

• Transmitted exclusively by insect vectors.

• Only infects plants through wounds caused by animals.

What is the method of introduction and infection for Damping off?

• Caused by several different pathogens (fungus) that kill or weaken seeds or seedlings before or after they germinate. It is most common in wet and cool soil conditions.

• Spread by insect vectors feeding on mature plants in dry conditions.

• Introduced through contaminated fertilizers applied to fully grown crops.

• Transmitted by wind-borne spores affecting only mature leaves.

What is the method of introduction and infection for Mosaic Virus?

• Different types affect

• Direct sunlight exposure

• Excessive watering

• Lack of soil nutrients

Match the plant disease to its correct identification and control method:

• Botrytis

• Powdery mildew

• Black spot

• Rust

• It affects many plants, especially those grown under glass where conditions are humid. It is also a common disease of soft fruit. Spread by spores dispersed on the wind and old, dead plant material. Cool and damp weather helps it spread faster.

Fill in the blank: ________ affects many plants, especially those grown under glass where conditions are humid. It is also a common disease of soft fruit. Spread by spores dispersed on the wind and old, dead plant material. Cool and damp weather helps it spread faster.

• Botrytis

• Powdery mildew

• Rust

• Blight

Fill in the blank: ________ is favored by warm, humid conditions. Spores spread through tools and overwinter on plant debris.

• Powdery mildew

• Bacterial wilt

• Root knot nematode

• Leaf curl virus

Fill in the blank: ________ is a fungal disease that overwinters on fallen leaves and debris, as well as on lesions still on the soft wood of the infected plant. Spores spread by rain splash and wind. Warm temperatures and humidity encourage its spread. It then spreads from leaf to leaf and plant to plant.

• Black spot

• Powdery mildew

• Downy mildew

• Rust