PSY 222 CH2

What is the main focus of Gestalt psychology in perception?

• The influence of past experiences on perception

• How we break objects into parts

• The tendency to see wholes rather than just individual parts

• The role of memory in perception

What principle states that we perceive elements that are close together as a group?

• Proximity

• Similarity

• Closure

• Continuation

What does the 'Law of Prägnanz' suggest about perception?

• We prefer complex and asymmetric patterns

• We simplify patterns to the simplest form

• Perception is based on past knowledge

• We only focus on individual parts of an object

The Gestalt principle of closure refers to:

• The ability to continue a line or shape even if it's incomplete

• The tendency to group similar items together

• Filling in missing parts to create a whole object

• The perception of patterns in noise

Which of the following best describes the figure-ground organization principle?

• We perceive objects based on their background information

• We categorize objects by their color

• We separate objects from their background and focus on them

• We group objects by their shapes

What principle of Gestalt psychology explains why we perceive continuous shapes even when parts are missing?

• Similarity

• Good continuation

• Proximity

• Closure

The principle of similarity in Gestalt psychology states that:

• We perceive elements that look similar as belonging together

• We group objects based on their background

• We tend to fill in gaps in incomplete images

• We recognize patterns based on past experiences

Which theory states that perception is influenced by both sensory input and expectations?

• Bottom-up processing

• Top-down processing

• Feature integration theory

• Connectionism

What is the main difference between bottom-up and top-down processing?

• Bottom-up is automatic and based on sensory data, while top-down is influenced by knowledge and expectations

• Bottom-up processing is slower than top-down processing

• Top-down processing involves sensory data only

• Bottom-up processing involves expectations based on memory

The Stroop task is primarily used to measure:

• Visual attention

• Selective attention and cognitive interference

• Memory recall

• Visual search abilities