HBHD 2 MT Review

Which are the forms of processing nutrients undergo in the body? SATA

• digestion

• absorption

• metabolism

Match the terms

• ingestions

• Release of digestive juices, some digestive organs also secrete endocrine hormones that regulate digestion or metabolism of nutrients

• secretion

• Coordination of digestive activity (motility, secretion, and other digestive processes)

• motility

• Group of processes that break complex nutrients into simpler ones, thus facilitating their absorption

• Regulation

• Movement by the muscular components of the digestive tube

• digestion

• Process of taking food into the mouth, starting it on its journey through the digestive tract

Match the following

• Nausea

• Unpleasant feeling that often leads to vomiting

• Emesis

• Chronic loss of appetite

• Anorexia

• Inflammation of the stomach

• Gastritis

• Medical term for vomiting

• Ulcer

• A craterlike wound or open sore in a membrane caused by tissue destruction

Match the following

• Peristalsis

• Make up the small intestine

• digestion and absorption

• Promotes the contraction of the gallbladder

• duodenum, jejunum, ileum

• Wave-like smooth muscle contraction in the wall of the small intestine

• Cholecystokinin

• A deficit of digestive enzymes or bile salts

• Maldigestion

• The main functions of the small intestine

Match the following

• H2CO3 (Carbonic acid)

• Substances that prevent a sharp change in the pH of a fluid when an acid or base is added to it

• 7.35

• The pH of venous blood

• pH 7.35-7.45

• The most abundant acid in body fluids; it is formed by the buffering of fixed acids

• Chemical buffers

• The range of optimal human functions

• 7.45

• The pH of arterial blood

The blood levels of NaHCO3 can be regulated by the (a)   , and H2CO3 level by the ​ (b)   system.

• kidneys
• respiratory
• cardiac
• gastrointestinal

The most abundant compound present in the body

• oxygen

• water

• carbon dioxide

• glucose

Examples of transcellular fluid SATA

• cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

• fluid in the eyeball

• plasma

• synovial fluid

• water

This contributes to osmotic pressure and thereby act as a water-pulling or water-holding force.

• Fluid balance

• Capillary wall

• Plasma proteins

• Water intake

Match the following

• Aldosterone

• Released from the posterior pituitary gland; promotes water reabsorption from the renal tubule back into the blood

• kidneys

• Considered to be a water-pushing force

• Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

• Released from the atrial wall of the heart; considered a water loss hormone (diuretic effect)

• capillary blood pressure

• The chief regulator of sodium levels in the body

• Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH)

• Released from the adrenal cortex,; increases sodium reabsorption by the renal tubules, therefore reduces water output