The first developmental phase in reading is:

• emergent.

• early.

• fluent.

• transitional.

Which statement is NOT true about emergent readers?

• They hear individual sounds in words.

• They use illustrations to extract meaning.

• They read without pointing to individual words.

• They recognize letters in their own name.

Ms. Lopez administers an oral reading fluency assessment to Marisa. While Marisa reads, Ms. Lopez marks errors on her copy of the text and also notes the words Marisa says in place of the correct word(s). After the assessment, Ms. Lopez examines her records to identify the type(s) of errors Marisa made in order to determine the next step in reading instruction.

• running records

• silent reading comprehension

• miscue analysis

• oral fluency check

After a guided reading activity, Mr. Jackson asks his fourth grade students to divide any compound words found in the text. This student activity is an example of:

• phonic analysis.

• blending.

• rhyming.

• structural analysis.

Which is the best instructional strategy for developing concepts of print?

• readers theatre

• silent sustained reading

• shared reading

• oral reading fluency

Mr. Skinner’s students are breaking down word parts to better understand their meaning. Which instructional strategy is Mr. Skinner using?

• structural analysis

• phonemic analysis

• clapping syllables

• interactive writing

Mrs. Diaz implements readers theatre into her third grade class. This activity involves reading parts from a text. What does this strategy help to build?

• vocabulary

• comprehension

• fluency

• phonological awareness

How is differentiated instruction different from accommodations?

• Differentiated instruction is a way to meet the needs of students with differing abilities in the same class while accommodations modify the curriculum and student expectations in order to ensure student learning gains.

• Differentiated instruction focuses on reducing the effects of a student’s learning disability through modified activities while accommodations are used to help the teacher meet the needs of all the students in his or her classroom through one learning activity.

• Differentiated instruction focuses solely on varying activities so each student can learn at his or her own pace while accommodations focus on the supports a student needs to be successful in the general curriculum.

• Differentiated instruction provides alternatives for students to learn the same material based on readiness, interests, and learning needs while accommodations reduce the effects of a learning disability without decreasing learning expectations.

Which is NOT an example of figurative language?

• simile

• idiom

• anecdote

• onomatopoeia

When a student has awareness of phonemes in words, syllables, onset-rime segments, and spelling, he or she is demonstrating:

• phonological awareness.

• phonics mastery.

• phonemic awareness.

• structural analysis.