Unit 1 - Modeling Matter

What is the definition of chemistry?

• The study of energy and light
• The study of life and reproduction
• The study of matter and the changes it undergoes
• The study of temperature and weather

Answer explanation

Chemistry is the study of matter and how it changes.

Which of the following is NOT considered matter?

• Air
• Sound
• Water
• Salt

Answer explanation

Sound is a wave, not matter—it has no mass or volume.

What does a scientific model provide?

• A perfect image of an atom
• A testable, simplified explanation of a concept
• A random guess about matter
• A physical replica of nature

Answer explanation

A model is a simplified but testable representation.

Which scientist is known for developing the modern periodic table?

• John Dalton
• Antoine Lavoisier
• Dmitri Mendeleev
• Niels Bohr

Answer explanation

Mendeleev arranged elements by atomic mass into the periodic table.

What is the purpose of chromatography?

• To separate substances by density
• To purify substances using filters
• To separate mixtures by how far components travel
• To change a gas into a solid

Answer explanation

Chromatography separates based on movement through a medium.

Which biblical figure is considered an early metalsmith in Scripture?

• Noah
• Tubal-Cain
• Moses
• Solomon

Answer explanation

Tubal-Cain is referenced in Genesis as an early worker of bronze and iron.

Which scientist formulated the Law of Conservation of Mass?

• Rutherford
• Lavoisier
• Bohr
• Boyle

Answer explanation

Lavoisier showed that mass is conserved during chemical reactions.

What type of reasoning uses general truths to form specific conclusions?

• Inductive
• Deductive
• Quantitative
• Qualitative

Answer explanation

Deductive reasoning starts broad and applies it to specific cases.

Which is a qualitative observation?

• The solution is red
• It contains 25 mL of water
• Its mass is 35 grams
• The pH is 6.2

Answer explanation

Qualitative observations involve qualities like color or texture.

Which step comes first in the scientific method?

• Form a hypothesis
• Make an observation
• Analyze data
• Conduct experiment

Answer explanation

All science begins with observation.