Sahana intermediate Level

In Python, which Rasterio function is best suited for windowed reading of large raster datasets?

• read()

• read_band()

• read_window()

• read_subset()

In Java, which GeoTools class allows reprojection of geometries?

• CRS.transform()

• GeometryUtils.project()

• Reprojector.reproject()

• SpatialRef.changeCRS()

Which Python library is used to connect and write spatial SQL queries to a PostGIS database?

• SQLAlchemy

• PyODBC

• GeoAlchemy2

• DBAPI

What does the affine module in Rasterio help compute?

• Distance matrix

• Image size

• Georeferencing transform

• CRS reprojection

In Java, the method geometry.buffer(distance, quadrantSegments) is part of which library?

• GeoServer

• JTS Topology Suite

• Apache Commons Math

• Geos

What is the result of spatial indexing using rtree in Python GIS tasks?

• Reduced file size

• Faster rendering

• Accelerated spatial queries

• Raster compression

How can you rasterize a polygon layer in Python using vector-to-raster transformation?

• rasterio.plot()

• fiona.merge()

• rasterio.features.rasterize()

• numpy.vectorize()

Which Java method in GeoTools writes features into a shapefile?

• store()

• writeFeatures()

• addFeature()

• featureStore.addFeatures()

In Python, which approach avoids memory errors when processing a 10GB GeoTIFF?

• Use full .read() method

• Downsample with scipy.ndimage

• Tile-based processing with Window()

• Convert to PNG

In Java, which class is used to encode geometries in GML format?

• GMLWriter

• GMLHandler

• GMLTransformer

• GMLGeometryEncoder