Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation Week 2 Objectives 4-7

What is the primary function of hemodialysis for clients with chronic kidney disease or acute renal failure?

• Removes excess fluid, electrolytes, and waste products from the blood

• Increases blood pressure

• Decreases blood sugar levels

• Enhances kidney function

Answer explanation

The primary function of hemodialysis is to remove excess fluid, electrolytes, and waste products from the blood, which is crucial for clients with chronic kidney disease or acute renal failure.

What should patients avoid doing on the fistula arm to prevent complications?

• Using it for blood pressure measurements

• Wearing loose clothing

• Sleeping on the opposite side

• Exercising the arm

Answer explanation

Patients should avoid using the fistula arm for blood pressure measurements as it can lead to complications such as clotting or damage to the fistula. This is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the access site.

What is a key sign that a fistula is functioning properly?

• Feeling a 'thrill' or vibration over the fistula

• Experiencing pain in the arm

• Noticing swelling in the hand

• Observing redness around the fistula

Answer explanation

A key sign that a fistula is functioning properly is feeling a 'thrill' or vibration over the fistula, indicating good blood flow. Pain, swelling, or redness may suggest complications.

What is the main advantage of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) over hemodialysis?

• Offers more independence and mobility

• Requires less frequent exchanges

• Needs no sterile technique

• Is performed only at night

Answer explanation

The main advantage of Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) is that it offers more independence and mobility, allowing patients to manage their treatment during daily activities, unlike hemodialysis which often requires clinic visits.

What is a classic sign of peritonitis in PD patients?

• Cloudy peritoneal effluent

• Clear drainage fluid

• Increased urine output

• Decreased blood pressure

Answer explanation

Cloudy peritoneal effluent is a classic sign of peritonitis in PD patients, indicating infection. Clear drainage fluid suggests no infection, while increased urine output and decreased blood pressure are not specific signs of peritonitis.

What is a significant challenge associated with kidney transplantation?

• Need for lifelong immunosuppressive therapy

• Increased dietary restrictions

• Frequent dialysis sessions

• Reduced quality of life

Answer explanation

A significant challenge of kidney transplantation is the need for lifelong immunosuppressive therapy. This is essential to prevent organ rejection, but it increases the risk of infections and other complications.

Which of the following is an important precaution after a kidney transplant?

• Avoiding contact with people who are sick

• Drinking less water than usual

• Skipping prescribed medications

• Engaging in strenuous exercise immediately

Answer explanation

After a kidney transplant, avoiding contact with sick individuals is crucial to prevent infections, as the immune system is suppressed. This precaution helps ensure a successful recovery and protects the transplanted kidney.

What is a common complication associated with peritoneal dialysis?

• Peritonitis

• Improved kidney function

• High blood sugar

• Increased urine output

Answer explanation

Peritonitis is a common complication of peritoneal dialysis, caused by infection of the peritoneum. It can lead to serious health issues if not treated promptly, making it the correct answer.

Which action helps maintain the patency of an arteriovenous fistula?

• Using the arm for blood draws

• Regularly checking for a bruit or thrill

• Applying tight bandages over the site

• Keeping the arm immobile at all times

Answer explanation

Regularly checking for a bruit or thrill is essential for maintaining the patency of an arteriovenous fistula, as it indicates proper blood flow. Other options may compromise the fistula's function.

Which of the following is NOT recommended for caring for a new arteriovenous fistula?

• Checking for a bruit daily

• Keeping the site clean and dry

• Avoiding heavy lifting with the fistula arm

• Wearing tight jewelry on the fistula arm

Answer explanation

Wearing tight jewelry on the fistula arm is NOT recommended as it can restrict blood flow and damage the fistula. The other options promote proper care and monitoring of the arteriovenous fistula.