Topic 6 ST

What does a research design primarily help a researcher to do?

• Prove a theory without testing it

• Develop a hypothesis after data collection

• Create a strategy to answer research questions

• Avoid using variables in a study

Which of the following is a characteristic of a true experimental design?

• Random assignment of participants and control of variables

• Observation of natural phenomena without manipulation

• No use of control or randomization

• Use of only qualitative data

Which feature differentiates a quasi-experiment from a true experiment?

• Use of statistical analysis

• Random assignment of subjects

• Lack of independent variables

• Absence of random assignment

What is missing in a pre-experimental design?

• Hypothesis formulation

• Independent variable manipulation and control groups

• Data collection

• Observation of reality

What best describes non-experimental research?

• Observation of phenomena in their natural context

• Controlled laboratory experimentation

• Manipulation of treatments in artificial settings

• Random assignment of variables

Which of the following must be established before choosing a research design?

• Budget and schedule

• Type of data analysis

• Hypothesis and research type

• Sample size

Which of the following is true about non-experimental research approaches?

• They must include random assignment

• They do not use hypotheses

• They cannot be qualitative

• They include both qualitative and quantitative methods

Why might groups in quasi-experimental research not be equivalent?

• Use of unreliable measurement tools

• Absence of random group assignment

• Lack of clear hypotheses

• Use of artificial environments

Which statement is true about all experimental designs?

• They require manipulation of independent variables

• They only involve natural observations

• They use interviews as a main method

• They do not use any hypotheses

Which of the following elements is essential in a true (pure) experiment?

• Lack of comparison groups

• Random assignment of participants

• Absence of manipulation

• Natural observation without intervention