Earth's Crust Quiz

What causes rocks to fold?

• Stress that bends the rock without breaking it.

• High temperatures that melt the rock.

• Rapid cooling of the rock surface.

• Chemical reactions that alter the rock's composition.

What is the term for the top layer of Earth in terms of its chemical composition?

• Mantle

• Core

• Crust

• Lithosphere

What is the process called when rocks are broken down by weathering?

• Erosion

• Sedimentation

• Metamorphism

• Lithification

What is the primary difference between oceanic and continental crust?

• Oceanic crust is thicker and less dense than continental crust.

• Oceanic crust is thinner and denser than continental crust.

• Oceanic crust is the same thickness as continental crust.

• Oceanic crust is primarily composed of granite, while continental crust is composed of basalt.

What is the significance of the Mohorovičić discontinuity?

• It marks the boundary between the Earth's crust and the underlying mantle.

• It is the layer where seismic waves slow down significantly.

• It is the point where the Earth's magnetic field reverses.

• It indicates the transition from the mantle to the outer core.

How does the composition of oceanic crust differ from that of continental crust?

• Oceanic crust is primarily composed of granite, while continental crust is mainly composed of basalt.

• Oceanic crust is primarily composed of basalt, while continental crust is mainly composed of granite.

• Oceanic crust is mainly composed of sandstone, while continental crust is primarily composed of limestone.

• Oceanic crust is primarily composed of schist, while continental crust is mainly composed of gneiss.

What is a fault in geological terms?

• A type of rock formation that is resistant to erosion.

• A fracture in the Earth's crust along which movement has occurred.

• A layer of sediment that has been compacted over time.

• A volcanic vent that releases magma and gases.

What is the term for the process by which new oceanic crust is formed?

• Seafloor spreading

• Continental drift

• Subduction

• Oceanic trench formation

What is the role of magma in the formation of igneous rocks?

• Magma evaporates to form igneous rocks.

• Magma cools and solidifies to form igneous rocks.

• Magma is transformed into sedimentary rocks.

• Magma is absorbed by surrounding rocks.

What technology is used to determine the absolute age of some igneous and metamorphic rocks?

• Radiometric dating

• Carbon dating

• Thermal dating

• Radioactive dating