Ionic Equilibria and Acid-Base Concepts

What is the hydrolysis constant (Kh) for a weak acid?

• Kh = Kw - Ka

• Kh = Kw / Ka

• Kh = Ka / Kw

• Kh = Ka + Kw

How is the degree of hydrolysis (α) defined?

• α = (initial amount / amount hydrolyzed) x 100%

• α = (amount hydrolyzed / total amount) x 100%

• α = (amount hydrolyzed / initial amount) x 100%

• α = (final amount / initial amount) x 100%

Which of the following factors affects buffer capacity?

• Presence of salts

• Temperature of the solution

• Type of container used

• Concentration of buffering agents and pH of the solution

What is the formula for calculating buffer capacity?

• Buffer Capacity = ΔB + ΔpH

• Buffer Capacity = ΔpH / ΔB

• Buffer Capacity = ΔB * ΔpH

• Buffer Capacity = ΔB / ΔpH

Which indicator is commonly used for strong acid-strong base titrations?

• Bromothymol blue

• Methyl orange

• Litmus paper

• Phenolphthalein

What is the pH range of phenolphthalein as an indicator?

• 4.0 to 6.5

• 8.2 to 10.0

• 6.0 to 7.5

• 10.5 to 12.0

In a pH titration curve, what does the steepest slope indicate?

• The equivalence point of the titration.

• The initial pH of the solution.

• The concentration of the titrant.

• The buffer capacity of the solution.

What is the significance of the equivalence point in a titration?

• The equivalence point indicates the start of the reaction.

• The equivalence point is where the titrant is added in excess.

• The equivalence point shows the color change of the solution.

• The equivalence point signifies the completion of the reaction between titrant and analyte.

Which of the following acids is the strongest?

• Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

• Sulfuric acid (H2SO4)

• Acetic acid (CH3COOH)

• Nitric acid (HNO3)

What is the relationship between pKa and acid strength?

• pKa has no relation to acid strength.

• All acids have the same pKa value.

• Higher pKa values indicate stronger acids.

• Lower pKa values correspond to stronger acids.