Humans are able to positively or negatively affect their environment in many ways. Which statement accurately describes one of these possible effects?

A negative environmental effect is that unregulated fishing in the ocean can disrupt the interactions between organisms in existing food webs.

A positive environmental effect is that burning fossil fuels to generate electricity reduces carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.

A positive environmental effect is the cutting of trees in rain forests to provide large quantities of lumber to build homes for the increasing world population

A negative environmental effect is that industrialization provides many jobs and helps the economy grow.

New York State charges consumers a fee when purchasing beverages sold in aluminum cans and plastic bottles. This money is returned to purchasers when they return these items for recycling. Programs such as these are an attempt to

conserve the resources these containers are made from

encourage people to spend more money on their beverages

reduce the amount of carbon dioxide produced by deforestation

totally eliminate the use of reusable containers

Which long-term change could directly cause the other three?

scarcity of suitable animal habitats

Two new wind turbines have recently been built within the Eiffel Tower in Paris. The power that these turbines generate will be enough to power the entire first floor of the tower, including the restaurants, shops, and exhibits. A benefit of using wind power as an alternative source of energy is that it

is renewable, so it will decrease the environmental impact of the tower businesses

is nonrenewable, so additional resources will be depleted by tower businesses

increases the use of resources that cannot be renewed in the future

decreases the amount of fossil fuels available for future generations

Large numbers of white-tailed deer on Long Island are infested with ticks that transmit Lyme disease to other mammals. One attempt to control reproduction in these ticks has been the release of large numbers of sterilized male ticks. When compared to using pesticides, this method to control ticks would

be less likely to harm the environment

cause more environmental pollution

lead to a decrease in the deer population

result in an increase in the tick population

A recent study found high levels of the toxic industrial pollutant mercury in the feathers of some songbirds. Those birds sang shorter, simpler versions of the songs they use to attract mates. Which statement regarding this finding is supported by the study?

Human activities can have negative effects on a species.

Mercury pollution will result in the extinction of all songbirds.

Mercury prevents songbirds from obtaining required nutrients.

Human activities usually affect the smallest animals in ecosystems.

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that can spread to vital organs in the body. Doctors believe that exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun is a leading cause of melanoma. One practical way governments can help prevent the harmful effects of UV radiation is to

regulate the production and release of gases that damage the ozone shield

require everyone to remain indoors during daylight hours

encourage the building of a greater number of cancer treatment centers

prohibit the use of solar panels on homes and businesses

Acid rain is a major problem in the Adirondack Mountains. Evidence that acid rain negatively affected the Adirondack ecosystem is that

there has been a decrease in the variety of fish found in Adirondack lakes

the rain has increased the amount of water in Adirondack lakes

the amount of carbon dioxide in the air over the Adirondack Mountains has drastically decreased in recent years

the number of heterotrophic organisms in Adirondack lakes has increased

Base your answer to the following question on the information and diagram below and on your knowledge of biology. Warming Water Leaves Fish Gasping for Air and Shrinking in Size As fish grow into adulthood, their body mass increases and so does their demand for oxygen. However, the gills, through which oxygen is obtained, do not increase in size at the same rate as the body. Scientists have observed that as the ocean waters become warmer, there is less dissolved oxygen in the water. The result is that the average size of many fish species becomes smaller. One human activity that most directly contributes to the decrease in the amount of oxygen present in ocean water is

industrialization, which releases large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

overfishing, causing a lack of biodiversity

planting more trees, causing more soil erosion

introducing foreign species, causing more competition

Which human activity can have a negative impact on the stability of a mature ecosystem?

building dams to control the flow of water in rivers, in order to produce electricity

replanting trees in areas where forests have been cut down for lumber

preserving natural wetlands, such as swamps, to reduce flooding after heavy rainfalls

passing laws that limit the dumping of pollutants in forests

More than 100 years ago, Earth's atmosphere contained about 280 parts per million (ppm) of carbon dioxide. It is predicted that by the year 2050, the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere could reach 700 ppm, greatly increasing Earth's temperature. It has been suggested that growing more green plants would help to slow this increase. The best explanation for why increased numbers of plants would help is that plants

remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during photosynthesis

serve as a nonrenewable energy resource

remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during respiration

The graph below shows three projections for future carbon dioxide (CO₂) levels. The "Business as usual" line shows CO₂ levels if emissions remain at current levels. The "Constant 1990 emissions" line shows CO₂ levels if emissions are cut to the same level that they were in 1990. The "Half 1990 emissions" line shows CO₂ levels if emissions are cut to half of the level that they were in 1990. Which statement is supported by the graph?

Future generations can be affected by the choices of current generations.

Climate change will result in the melting of polar ice caps.

The increase in carbon dioxide levels will cause a decrease in global average temperature.

Human activities have no effect on atmospheric carbon dioxide levels.

One important reason that humans have such a significant effect on Earth's ecosystems is that humans

can modify the environment through technology

remove large amounts of carbon dioxide from the air

are able to increase the amount of finite resources

reproduce faster than other animal species

Human society has become increasingly dependent on industry and technology. While this has had many benefits, it also has had the disadvantage of

increasing our reliance on energy sources such as fossil fuels

reducing the amount of food that can be produced by one acre of farmland

lowering the level of carbon dioxide available for plants to use for photosynthesis

raising the number of producers worldwide to dangerous levels

Some birds have recently modified their migratory behavior. Instead of flying to warmer climates during the winter months, the birds are remaining in northern areas where they can consume discarded food that is abundant in landfills. As a result of this change in migratory behavior, many insect populations that the birds normally feed on in the warmer climate areas are now increasing. This is an example of human activity

altering the equilibrium of ecosystems

interfering with ecological succession

increasing competition for infinite resources

disrupting the homeostasis of organisms

Sustainable development occurs when people use their resources without depleting them. Which human activity is the best example of sustainable development?

loggers planting a tree for each one cut down

draining a wetland to build houses

using nets to quickly capture large numbers of fish

building coal-burning power plants to provide electricity

The use of solar panels has increased in the last ten years. A benefit of using solar energy would include

using less fossil fuel to meet energy needs

adding more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere

using a nonrenewable source of energy

releasing more gases for photosynthesis

The rings in the diagram below represent the annual growth of a tree approximately 20 years old. Tree trunks grow wider each year by continuous growth in a thin layer of cells just beneath the bark. Since one new layer is added each year, the number of rings in a tree can be used to tell its age. The thickness of the rings provides information about the environmental conditions in past years. By observing the annual rings in the diagram, one can infer that

some years provide better conditions for growth than other years

environmental conditions did not change over the last 20 years

trees grow faster on the side that faces the Sun

tree rings are not reliable because trees must be cut down to see them

Which human activity best represents a method for recycling nutrients?

mixing lawn clippings with vegetable waste to produce compost used to fertilize gardens

raking and bagging lawn clippings in plastic bags for disposal in landfills

collecting lawn and garden wastes for burning

clearing a forested area to provide open land for cattle

Traditional lightbulbs are only 10% efficient. Ninety percent of the energy they use is converted to heat. Modern lightbulbs are much more efficient, but may cost three times as much as traditional lightbulbs. Consumers who switch to modern lightbulbs are most likely

trading a short-term cost for long-term savings

spending more money for no good reason

trying to stop pollution of the oceans

helping traditional lightbulb factories employ people

Nuclear power plants, which produce electrical energy, use large quantities of water for cooling. Often, small fish, larvae, and fish eggs are sucked in along with the cooling water and destroyed. This example illustrates how

industrialization can have positive and negative effects

removal of these organisms has no effect on an ecosystem

direct harvesting increases the natural fish population

energy is generated without producing wastes

Forest ecosystems help regulate climate, prevent soil erosion, and play a role in the cycling of water. Since the 18th century, humans have cleared nearly half of Earth's forests. Which statement best describes the effects of this deforestation?

It disrupts many natural processes that humans depend on.

It affects only the species of animals that live there.

It increases plant biodiversity in nearby ecosystems.

It increases human reliance on renewable resources.

For several years now, there has been discussion of constructing a large oil pipeline across the United States. Which statement expresses a major concern many people are likely to have about the proposed pipeline?

If this pipeline were to leak, the oil could contaminate soil, water, and wildlife.

The pipeline will bring a large number of jobs to the area where it is being constructed.

The oil pipeline will increase the amount of finite resources.

The pipeline is a technological fix for ozone depletion.

When humans place grass clippings and other yard waste in landfills, they are most directly interfering with the natural process of

the production of organic compounds

Direct harvesting occurs when

pine trees are cut from a forest for use as lumber

corn is planted in a newly plowed field

zebra mussels are accidentally imported to the Great Lakes

roots of plants continually take in water

When rain forests are cut down, there is a

loss of genetic material available for research

loss of fossil fuels that could be used by industry

release of excess oxygen to the atmosphere

release of chemicals which cause helpful mutations

Which row in the chart below correctly matches the human activity with its effect?

habitat destruction | decreases ecosystem stability

planting 20 acres of one crop | increases biodiversity

industrialization | decreases fossil fuel use

use of finite resources | increases resource renewal

HUMAN IMPACT REVIEW 2024

Authored by Adam Cohen

Biology

9th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 2+ times

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38 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Humans rely on the stability of ecosystems for long-term health. Some of the current hazards to human health are represented in the diagram below. Decreases in soil, air, and water quality can result from human activities that have

negatively influenced these resources by removing pollutants

modified natural cycles, increasing the quality of these resources

resulted in an increase in the stability of these resources

had a negative influence on the natural systems that maintain these resources

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-6

NGSS.HS-ESS3-1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Destruction of ocean habitats by pollution today means that the organisms living there may not survive in the future. By polluting the oceans, humans are

helping advance economic gains by using resources wisely

altering the equilibrium of ocean ecosystems

decreasing the rate of species extinction

increasing the stability of the oceans

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-6

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Humans deplete the most resources when

using wind energy as a power source

generating power by using fossil fuels

using water power to generate electricity

recycling glass and plastics

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS3-2

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Recently, oil from a wrecked tanker resulted in a disaster in ecosystems containing many unique species. The potential loss of these species could result in

an increase in the variety of genetic material available

a decrease in organisms available for scientific research

an increase in the stability of the affected ecosystems

a decrease in pollution affecting the land and water

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-7

NGSS.HS-LS2-6

NGSS.HS-LS4-5

NGSS.HS-ESS3-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Scientists have studied oceanic plastic garbage "patches" around the world. These are areas that accumulate plastic garbage from coastal regions. Their environmental effect ranges from killing sea life to blocking sunlight from reaching photosynthetic organisms. Without a change in human plastic usage, new garbage patches will continue to form. Which human activity would most directly reduce the amount of plastic garbage that enters the ocean?

Ban the production and usage of all bags made from recycled plastic.

Clean up plastic trash from shorelines, rivers, and other waterways that flow into the oceans.

Manufacture fewer reusable water bottles, so that people will be more likely to use disposable ones.

Implement a glass bottle deposit system to discourage people from recycling plastic bottles.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS2-7

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Solar and wind power are options available to people interested in producing electricity while reducing their reliance on fossil fuels. A benefit of using these alternative energy sources is that they

preserve natural resources for future generations

increase the number of jobs required for mining coal

ensure that supplies of fossil fuels will never decrease

cost more to generate than all other sources of electricity

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS3-4

NGSS.HS-ESS3-2

NGSS.HS-ETS1-3

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which human activity most directly causes a significant increase in the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?

growing corn for food

not using products containing plastics

driving cars long distances

planting large numbers of trees

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-6

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