Anatomy and Physiology Final Exam

What is the primary function of the cardiovascular system?

• Producing hormones

• Transporting nutrients, oxygen, and waste

• Circulating blood and maintaining homeostasis

• Storing calcium

Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body?

• Right atrium

• Right ventricle

• Left ventricle

• Left atrium

What is the function of the sinoatrial (SA) node?

• Filtering blood

• Producing red blood cells

• Acting as the heart’s natural pacemaker

• Carrying oxygen to tissues

Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?

• Veins

• Arteries

• Capillaries

• Venules

What is the role of platelets in the blood?

• Transporting oxygen

• Clotting blood to prevent bleeding

• Fighting infections

• Removing waste

Which valve prevents backflow of blood between the left atrium and left ventricle?

• Pulmonary valve

• Tricuspid valve

• Mitral (bicuspid) valve

• Aortic valve

What is the normal resting heart rate for a healthy adult?

• 30-50 bpm

• 100-120 bpm

• 60-100 bpm

• 120-140 bpm

Which component of blood is responsible for oxygen transport?

• Hemoglobin in red blood cells

• Plasma

• White blood cells

• Platelets

What is the name of the condition where arteries become narrowed due to plaque buildup?

• Hypertension

• Atherosclerosis

• Anemia

• Arrhythmia

Where does gas exchange between blood and tissues occur?

• Arteries

• Veins

• Capillaries

• Venules