Week 1, 2, 3 ELSI5 (35Qs)

According to Elmore, what is a key characteristic of internal school-site accountability?

• High test performance

• Clear top-down directives

• Shared expectations and mutual responsibility among educators

• Increased class sizes

In Elmore's theory, schools with strong internal accountability are more likely to:

• Reject standardized testing

• Function better under external accountability pressure

• Avoid teacher evaluations

• Increase administrative duties

Which of the following best describes 'reciprocity of accountability' according to Elmore?

• Teachers should be held accountable for student outcomes without support

• Performance demands must be matched by capacity-building support

• Parents should take over instructional roles

• Students should evaluate teachers

The 'knowledge gap' Elmore refers to is the gap between:

• Students’ literacy and numeracy

• What policymakers know and what teachers teach

• Knowing what works in professional development and doing it in practice

• National curriculum standards and school autonomy

Which of the following is NOT a feature of effective professional development from Elmore's Exhibit 1?

• Delivered off-site for most efficiency

• Focused on student learning

• Connected to instruction and content

• Supports collaboration and group learning

According to Elmore, teachers often work in isolation due to:

• Lack of motivation

• Over-reliance on technology

• Organizational structure of schools

• Parental interference

Which concept refers to aligning individual responsibility, collective expectations, and accountability mechanisms?

• Professional isolation

• Systemic discipline

• Internal alignment

• Market competition

What does Elmore suggest about the effectiveness of traditional professional development?

• It usually boosts test scores

• It often lacks focus and connection to classroom needs

• It is tailored to high-performing students

• It is entirely evidence-based

In Elmore’s framework, what is a common flaw in external accountability systems?

• They underfund elite schools

• They prioritize student well-being

• They ignore capacity-building for educators

• They emphasize leadership training

Elmore emphasizes that effective professional development must be:

• Consistent over time and embedded in practice

• Scheduled during holidays

• Handled solely by external experts

• Optional for most staff