D31 QUIZ OF THE DAY

In earthwork, the volume of excavation for a foundation trench is calculated as:

• Length × Width
• Length × Depth
• Length × Breadth × Depth
• Breadth × Height

Answer explanation

Excavation volume is calculated using Length × Breadth × Depth of the trench.

Assertion (A): The volume of concrete for foundation is measured in cubic meters. Reason (R): Concrete work includes formwork and reinforcement.

• Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
• Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
• A is true but R is false
• A is false but R is true

Answer explanation

A is true; concrete is measured in m³. R is partially true—formwork and reinforcement are not included in concrete volume.

Which unit is used for measuring plastering work?

• Cubic meter
• Running meter
• Square meter
• Number

Answer explanation

Plastering is measured in square meters (Length × Height) on both faces unless specified otherwise.

In measurement, deductions for masonry openings are not made when the opening area is:

• More than 0.3 sq.m
• More than 1.0 sq.m
• Less than or equal to 0.1 sq.m
• More than 2.0 sq.m

Answer explanation

No deductions are made for openings up to 0.1 m² in masonry work as per standard rules.

Which of the following is the correct deduction formula for rectangular door openings in masonry?

• Height × Width
• Length × Height × Wall thickness
• Breadth × Height
• Length × Wall thickness

Answer explanation

For masonry, full volume is deducted as Length × Height × Wall thickness for door openings.

What is the standard lead and lift considered for earthwork measurement?

• 30 m lead and 1.0 m lift
• 50 m lead and 2.0 m lift
• 30 m lead and 1.5 m lift
• 50 m lead and 1.5 m lift

Answer explanation

The standard lead and lift for earthwork is 30 meters horizontal and 1.5 meters vertical as per PWD norms.

Which of the following is measured in running meters?

• Plastering
• Soling
• Cornice
• Painting

Answer explanation

Cornices and other linear features like drip course and coping are measured in running meters.

Assertion (A): In plastering work, openings less than 0.5 sq.m are not deducted. Reason (R): These are negligible and jambs, soffits, and sills are not added.

• Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
• Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
• A is true but R is false
• A is false but R is true

Answer explanation

Both statements are correct; openings below 0.5 m² are ignored and related surfaces not counted separately.

Which type of arch opening has the formula involving π (pi) for area calculation?

• Elliptical
• Segmental
• Semi-circular
• Rectangular

Answer explanation

Semi-circular arch uses the formula involving πr² for computing the curved area deduction.

What is the typical thickness of the DPC layer in cement concrete?

• 1.5 cm
• 2.0 cm
• 2.5 cm
• 3.0 cm

Answer explanation

The damp proof course (DPC) is usually 2.5 cm thick when laid using cement concrete.