Unit 4 Test! Genetics, DNA and RNA

The diagram represents a portion of one strand of a DNA molecule. Which of the four DNA strands match the strand in the diagram by base pairing?

• GGTGACT
• CCATATG
• GGTCGAT
• CCTAGTG

A nucleotide of DNA may contain adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine. What is each of these components?

• 5-carbon sugar
• nitrogenous base
• phosphate group
• nucleic acid

Which of the following is considered the basic unit of heredity?

• Protein
• Cell
• Gene
• Organ

In DNA, adenine (A) always pairs with which nitrogenous base?

• Guanine (G)
• Cytosine (C)
• Thymine (T)
• Uracil (U)

What is the main function of mRNA in protein synthesis?

• Carries amino acids to the ribosome
• Forms part of the ribosome structure
• Carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome
• Catalyzes peptide bond formation

Where does transcription primarily occur in a eukaryotic cell?

• Ribosome
• Cytoplasm
• Nucleus
• Mitochondria

The image shows a nucleotide, a building block of the DNA molecule. From left to right, what are the names of the components?

• 5-carbon sugar, nitrogenous base, phosphate group
• nucleic acid, 5-carbon sugar, amino group
• 5-carbon sugar, nitrogenous base, carboxyl group
• nitrogenous base, 5-carbon sugar, phosphate group

What is the ultimate product of protein synthesis?

• DNA
• RNA
• Amino acid
• Protein

If a homozygous dominant tall pea plant (TT) is crossed with a homozygous recessive short pea plant (tt), what percentage of the offspring will be tall?

• 0%
• 25%
• 50%
• 100%

A Punnett square for a monohybrid cross shows that the parents are heterozygous for a trait (Bb x Bb). What is the expected genotypic ratio of their offspring?

• 1:2:1
• 3:1
• 1:1
• 4:0