Earth Science Exam Study Guide 2025

Define Radiation.

• The movement of energy through movement of waves.

• The transfer of heat through direct contact.

• The process of energy transfer by bulk movement of fluids.

• The conversion of matter into energy.

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Define Conduction.

• The transfer of heat directly between that are in contact.

• The transfer of heat through empty space.

• The transfer of heat by the movement of fluids.

• The process of changing a solid to a gas.

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Define Convection.

• The movement of energy through a liquid or gas.

• The process of heat transfer through direct contact.

• The emission of energy in the form of waves or particles.

• The process of breaking down rocks by wind or water.

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What is the most abundant element in the atmosphere?

• Nitrogen (N2)

• Oxygen (O2)

• Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

• Argon (Ar)

What is the portion of the Earth that includes cities, farms, mines, anything man-made called?

• Anthro-sphere

• Hydrosphere

• Lithosphere

• Biosphere

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What is the portion of the atmosphere where weather occurs?

• Troposphere

• Stratosphere

• Mesosphere

• Exosphere

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How much of the planet is water?

• 71%

• 50%

• 85%

• 30%

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The lithosphere is composed of what two layers of the earth?

• Earth's crust and the uppermost part of the mantle.

• The outer core and the inner core.

• The mantle and the core.

• The crust and the inner core.

How long ago did Rodinia exist?

• 800 million years

• 65 million years

• 2 billion years

• 150 million years

How long ago did Pangea exist?

• 280 million years

• 65 million years

• 1 billion years

• 10,000 years

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