Spring Final Review K

Farmers spray pesticides on their plants to protect the plants from being eaten by insects. Some individual insects have a genetic mutation that makes them resistant to the toxins in the pesticides.

 

Which statement best describes how only a few resistant individuals resulted in the pesticide becoming ineffective?

• The resistant insects change the toxin on the plants, making it safe for others.

• 
  The resistant insects grow larger and eat less of the plants.

• 
  The resistant insects eat the contaminated surface and leave the rest for others.

• The resistant insects are able to survive to reproduce and create a population that is also resistant.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

The giant octopus lays 20,000 to 100,000 fertilized eggs. After hatching, most octopuses become prey to larger marine organisms, and less than 5% will reach adulthood to reproduce.

 

One benefit of the giant octopus laying many eggs is to -- 

• increase the average body size for surviving individuals to avoid predation

• 
  decrease competition between different octopus species to maintain resources in the population

• 
  increase the chance that more individuals will survive to maintain the population

• 
  decrease the likelihood of offspring being consumed by predators

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

The aye-aye lemur is a mammal that feeds mostly on insect larvae that live inside trees. The aye-aye lemur has a specialized middle finger that is long and thin. The aye-aye lemur moves along a tree branch and taps the branch with its specialized finger. The aye-aye lemur then uses its specialized finger to reach the insect larvae and remove it.

Which selective pressure most likely resulted in the development of the aye-aye lemur's special adaptation?

• Limited availability of water

• competing for mates

• Large number of natural predators

• Food sources that are hard to find

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Adaptations that result from natural selection are expected to increase the fitness of an organism. In terms of natural selection, which of the following best describes fitness?

• 
  Best able to escape from predators

• Being among the strongest organisms in a population

• 
  Being able to survive, find a mate, and produce offspring

• Being able to survive long enough to reach the adult stage

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

The table shows the survival rate of two types of beetles in the same environment over a period of three years.

Which statement about the beetles in this environment is best supported by the data?

• Green beetles are more fit for the environment than brown beetles are.

• Brown beetles undergo a greater number of unfavorable mutations than green beetles do.

• Green beetles have a greater gene frequency among their population than brown beetles have.

• Brown beetles have a shorter life cycle than green beetles have

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

A student compares two different species of fox as shown in the table.

The student wants to explain why the two species are so different even though they have a common ancestor.

 

Which statement BEST explains the differences between the two species?

• Different environments led to different adaptations.

• The same environment led to different adaptations.

• Each species developed the same adaptations to different environments

• Each species migrated to environments that matched their adaptations.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

The image shows part of the humerus bone in the upper arm of different primates.

Which statement is best supported by the similarities of these different humerus bones?

• The primates lived in similar environments.

  
  

• The primates shared a common ancestor.

• The primates reproduce with similar organisms.

• The primates had diets that consisted of similar types of foods.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

When multiple transitional fossils are found in many different rock layers, they provide evidence of --

• seasonal variation in the diet of a species.

• gradual change of a species over time.

• DNA functioning as the genetic material of organisms.

• an unchanging environment.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-1

A phylogenetic tree based on genetic similarities is shown.

Which numbered location on the phylogenetic tree identifies characteristics shared by Species B, C, and D?

• Location 1

• Location 2

• Location 3

• Location 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

A cladogram of five species is shown.

Based on the cladogram, the ancestral species most likely had --

• a vertebral column.

• a vertebral column and hair

• sharp teeth and retractable claws

• the ability to purr

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2