Neuron Function and Structure Review

What is a ganglion?

• A bundle of axons extending from the brain and spinal cord.

• The life support of the neuron.

• A collection of nerve cell bodies located throughout the human body.

• The main receptor of signals on the neuron.

What is the role of the myelin sheath in nerve cells?

• It releases neurotransmitters.

• It is a gap in the myelin sheath.

• It protects and insulates axons to increase impulse speed.

• It transmits information to the body.

What do motor neurons do?

• Transmit information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system.

• Insulate axons to increase impulse speed.

• Transmit information from the central nervous system to the rest of the body.

• Release neurotransmitters at a synapse.

What is the typical range of resting membrane potential in an excitable cell?

• -50 to -90 mV

• 0 to +50 mV

• -10 to -30 mV

• +30 to +60 mV

What is an action potential?

• A change in membrane potential big enough to conduct a nerve impulse.

• A small, localized change in membrane potential.

• The resting state of a neuron.

• The failure of a neuron to transmit signals.

What is hyperpolarization?

• A self-propagating wave of depolarization

• When the cell gets even more negative in charge on the inside before returning to its resting state

• A change in the membrane potential resulting in less negative charge inside the cell

• The junction between two neurons

What is the function of a mechanoreceptor?

• Activated by a change in temperature

• Activated by a light stimulus

• Activated by a mechanical force stimulus such as vibration, pressure, stretch, or touch

• Released by a neuron to inhibit cells

Which type of receptor is activated by a change in temperature?

• Photoreceptor

• Mechanoreceptor

• Thermoreceptor

• Neurotransmitter

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-8

What is a chemoreceptor?

• A sensory nerve receptor activated by a chemical stimulus

• A sensory nerve receptor activated by a pain stimulus

• An automatic reaction to a stimulus

• A receptor that detects light

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-8

What is a nociceptor?

• A sensory nerve receptor activated by a chemical stimulus

• A sensory nerve receptor activated by a pain stimulus

• An automatic reaction to a stimulus

• A receptor that detects sound