Understanding Movement and Muscles

What are the main types of movement in the human body?

• Contraction, elongation, oscillation

• Stabilization, relaxation, inversion

• Compression, expansion, elevation

• Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, circumduction

Define voluntary and involuntary movements.

• Voluntary movements are always slow and deliberate.

• Involuntary movements require conscious thought to execute.

• Voluntary movements are consciously controlled actions, while involuntary movements are automatic and not consciously controlled.

• Voluntary movements are reflex actions that happen automatically.

What is the role of skeletal muscles in movement?

• Skeletal muscles facilitate movement by contracting and pulling on bones.

• Skeletal muscles store energy for future use.

• Skeletal muscles protect internal organs from injury.

• Skeletal muscles produce hormones that regulate metabolism.

Explain the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction.

• Muscle fibers lengthen when they contract.

• Muscle contraction occurs solely through electrical impulses.

• Actin and myosin do not interact during muscle contraction.

• The sliding filament theory explains muscle contraction through the interaction of actin and myosin filaments, where myosin pulls actin to shorten the muscle fiber.

What are the two main types of muscle contractions?

• Isotonic and Isometric

• Flexion and Extension

• Static and Dynamic

• Concentric and Eccentric

How do tendons contribute to movement?

• Tendons facilitate movement by transmitting the force generated by muscles to bones.

• Tendons are responsible for blood circulation in muscles.

• Tendons protect muscles from injury during movement.

• Tendons store energy for muscle contractions.

What is the difference between isotonic and isometric contractions?

• Isotonic contractions change muscle length; isometric contractions do not.

• Isotonic contractions occur only during relaxation, while isometric contractions occur during contraction.

• Isometric contractions change muscle length; isotonic contractions do not.

• Isotonic contractions are stronger than isometric contractions.

Describe the process of muscle relaxation after contraction.

• Calcium ions are released into the muscle fibers.

• Muscle fibers contract further before relaxing.

• Muscle relaxation involves the reuptake of calcium ions, detachment of myosin from actin, and return to resting state.

• Myosin binds more tightly to actin during relaxation.

What is the role of calcium ions in muscle contraction?

• Calcium ions inhibit muscle contraction by blocking actin and myosin interaction.

• Calcium ions are only involved in nerve signal transmission, not muscle contraction.

• Calcium ions facilitate muscle contraction by enabling the interaction between actin and myosin.

• Calcium ions are stored in the muscle fibers and do not play a role in contraction.

How does the nervous system control muscle movement?

• The nervous system controls muscle movement by sending signals from the brain to muscles via motor neurons, leading to muscle contraction.

• The nervous system only regulates breathing, not muscle movement.

• Muscle movement is initiated by the digestive system's signals.

• Muscle movement is controlled by the heart pumping blood.