Genes, Proteins, and Mutations

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

• DNA is single-stranded and contains uracil, while RNA is double-stranded and contains thymine.

• DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil.

• DNA and RNA are both double-stranded and contain thymine.

• DNA is single-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is double-stranded and contains uracil.

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

• Ribosomes are the cellular structures where proteins are synthesized from amino acids.

• Ribosomes are responsible for DNA replication.

• Ribosomes transport nutrients across the cell membrane.

• Ribosomes are involved in the breakdown of waste materials.

What is the role of messenger RNA (mRNA)?

• mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

• mRNA helps in the replication of DNA.

• mRNA is responsible for the transport of amino acids to the ribosome.

• mRNA acts as a catalyst in biochemical reactions.

What is a mutation?

• A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the protein produced.

• A process that repairs damaged DNA sequences.

• A type of genetic engineering used to create new species.

• A method of cloning organisms for research purposes.

What are proteins made of?

• Carbohydrates

• Fats

• Vitamins

• Amino acids

What is a codon?

• A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid.

• A type of protein that helps in DNA replication.

• A molecule that carries amino acids to the ribosome.

• A structure that protects the DNA from damage.

What pairs with the DNA sequence ATG TGA CAG?

• TAC ACT GTC

• ATC GAC TGA

• GTA TCA GTC

• CAT GAC TGA

What is the process of transcription?

• Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

• Transcription is the process of translating RNA into protein.

• Transcription is the process of replicating DNA into DNA.

• Transcription is the process of synthesizing lipids from carbohydrates.

What can genetic mutations be classified as?

• Beneficial, harmful, or neutral

• Only harmful

• Only beneficial

• Only neutral

What is the function of DNA?

• DNA provides energy for cellular processes.

• DNA carries genetic information and instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms.

• DNA is responsible for protein synthesis only.

• DNA helps in the digestion of food.