0.2: Research Ethics Terms

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Institutional review

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A process used to evaluate the ethical aspects of a research study, typically conducted by an Institutional Review Board (IRB).

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Informed consent

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The process of providing potential research participants with all necessary information about a study, ensuring they understand the risks and benefits, and obtaining their voluntary agreement to participate.

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Informed assent

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A process similar to informed consent, but used with individuals who are not legally able to give consent, such as minors, where they agree to participate in the research.

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Protection from harm

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An ethical principle that requires researchers to ensure that participants are not exposed to unnecessary risks or harm during a study.

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Confidentiality

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The ethical practice of keeping participants' data private and ensuring that personal information is not disclosed without consent.

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Deception

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The practice of misleading or not fully informing participants about the true purpose of a study, which must be justified and followed by a debriefing.

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Research confederates

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Individuals who are part of the research team but pose as participants or bystanders to help manipulate the experimental situation.

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Debriefing

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The process of informing participants about the true nature of a study after its completion, especially if deception was used, to ensure they leave without any misconceptions.