Gateway EOC Practice Exam 2025

The chart below shows several characteristics of the American constitutional republic. - Republicanism - Representative government - Separation of powers - Civic participation Which influence on America's constitutional republic is reflected in this chart?

• the ancient Greek polis

• the English Bill of Rights

• the Judeo-Christian tradition

• the ancient Roman Republic

What has been a long-term effect of the First Amendment's guarantee of religious liberty?

• A. Americans have avoided divisive religious wars.

• B. Americans are less religious than people in most countries.

• C. Americans have established different official churches in each state.

• D. Americans with strong religious beliefs have generally left the United States.

How did Magna Carta influence the colonists' views of government?

• It encouraged them to declare their independence from Great Britain.

• It gave them the idea that everyone is entitled to certain natural rights.

• It led them to create a government based on a separation of powers among different branches.

• It granted them rights as English subjects, including the right to a trial by jury and not to be taxed without consent.

The diagram shows an impact of Enlightenment ideas on the founding of the United States. Which phrase completes the diagram?

• Spread of scientific inquiry

• John Locke's social contract

• Growth of religious tolerance

• Montesquieu's separation of powers

How did the British government respond to the colonial concerns expressed during the Boston Tea Party?

• It passed the Intolerable Acts, closing Boston Harbor.

• It recognized colonial grievances and agreed not to pass any more taxes.

• It ordered troops to fire on colonial demonstrators in a public square of Boston.

• It declared the colonists to be in a state of open rebellion and outside the King's protection.

Which part of the Declaration of Independence influenced the events shown in this photograph?

• its list of colonial grievances

• its outrage at the British use of force

• its theory of government based on natural rights

• its claim of the right to overthrow a tyrannical government

Which of the following was a significant weakness of the Articles of Confederation?

• It gave the central government too much power over the states.

• There was no national executive to supply leadership in times of emergency.

• The president was able to spend taxes freely.

• It maintained a form of association between Great Britain.

The passage below is from the Preamble to the U.S. Constitution. In 1957, President Eisenhower sent the National Guard into Little Rock, Arkansas, to prevent violence. Which goal of government, listed in the Preamble, did this action illustrate?

• to ensure domestic tranquility

• to form a more perfect union

• to secure the blessings of liberty

• to provide for the common defense

Suppose the following sequence of events occurs in our federal government: 1. Congress passes a bill and sends it to the President. 2. The President vetoes the bill and returns it to Congress. 3. Both houses of Congress override the veto. 4. The bill becomes law. Which two constitutional principles do these events illustrate?

• federalism and limited government

• federalism and checks and balances

• individual rights and popular sovereignty

• separation of powers and checks and balances

Which conclusion can be drawn from these views?

• The proposed Constitution lacked a bill of rights.

• The proposed Constitution guaranteed free speech.

• The proposed Constitution had no national executive.

• The proposed Constitution strengthened state governments.