Weather, Climate, and Natural Hazards — Study Guide

Martin is tracking the weather for a camping trip. One row in his chart shows average rainfall for the region over many years. Question: Which row describes climate, not just short-term weather?

• Row 1 – Temperature for 5 days

• Row 2 – Rain for 3 days

• Row 3 – Sunny or cloudy

• Row 4 – Typical rainfall over a year

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

A family wants to visit a warm, dry place in spring. Here's the weather data: • Place 1: 56–67°F, 3 in. rain • Place 2: 72–85°F, ½ in. rain • Place 3: 64–72°F, 2 in. rain • Place 4: 30–40°F, ½ in. rain Question: Which place is best for outdoor activities?

• Place 1

• Place 2

• Place 3

• Place 4

Here's the weather data: • Place 1: 56–67°F, 3 in. rain • Place 2: 72–85°F, ½ in. rain •

Place 3: 64–72°F, 2 in. rain • Place 4: 30–40°F, 1/2 rain.

Scientists made graphs for a town showing:

• A: Average temperatures, B: Average precipitation

• A: Population growth, B: Economic output

• A: Road lengths, B: Number of schools

• A: Tree species, B: Soil types

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

The weather is 30–40°F, 1/2 rain.

• Cold and moist

• Hot and moist

• Hot and dry

• Cold and dry

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

10 years of May data show highs mostly in the 60s–70s°F, with 1–4 inches of rain. How would you describe May?

• Lots of sunshine

• Getting colder each year

• Usually <1 inch of rain

• Highs are in the 60s and 70s°F

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

NGSS.MS-ESS2-5

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

A student tests how plants help soil. She pours water over trays with different amounts of plants. Tray 3 (lots of plants) loses the least soil. What does she learn?

• Water is stronger than plants

• Plants keep soil in place

• More soil means more to wash away

• Warm water causes more erosion

People stack sandbags around homes before a heavy rainstorm. Why?

• Stop lightning

• Block wind

• Prevent flooding

• Reminder to stay inside

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS3-2

A new roof design slants upward to let wind pass over.

• Changes direction of wind

• Taller than wind

• Creates wind under house

• Stops all wind

Juanita’s beach house faces 30-foot waves. What’s the best way to avoid flooding?

• Stronger roof

• Move house back 10 feet

• Lightning rod

• Raise house on 40-foot stilts

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

NGSS.MS-ETS1-2

NGSS.MS-ETS1-3

Priscilla wants warmer gloves for snowy weather. What should she do after researching the problem?

• Think about cost

• Try different glove designs and test

• Research homes in blizzards

• Research socks

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-1

NGSS.MS-ETS1-2

NGSS.MS-ETS1-3

NGSS.MS-ETS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3