Respiratory System Quiz

What is the name of the structure above the windpipe that is responsible for phonation?

• Epiglottis

• Larynx

• Pharynx

• Lungs

Answer explanation

The larynx, also known as the 'voicebox', is the hollow tubular structure responsible for projection of sound and protecting the trachea from food particles

Which gas is released from the respiratory system?

• Carbon Dioxide

• Oxygen

• Nitrogen

• Carbon Monoxide

Answer explanation

Carbon Dioxide is the main gas expelled in the respiratory system as a result of cellular respiration

The windpipe is also known as the _______.

Answer explanation

The trachea is the tube in which the air passes through. Also commonly known as the 'windpipe'.

During __________ the air pressure in the chest cavity is HIGHER than the atmospheric air pressure.

Answer explanation

Air moves from a low pressure to a high pressure, so during exhalation, the air moves from the high pressure (lungs) to the low pressure (atmosphere).

During __________ the air pressure in the chest cavity is LOWER than the atmospheric air pressure.

Answer explanation

Air moves from a low pressure to a high pressure, so during inhalation, the air moves from the high pressure (atmosphere) to the low pressure (lungs).

During inhalation, what is the action of the muscles?

• Stretch

• Compress

• Relax

• Contract

Answer explanation

During inhalation, the muscles involved in breathing, such as the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, contract. The diaphragm moves downward while the intercostal muscles lift the rib cage upward and outward. This action increases the volume of the chest cavity and reduces the pressure inside the lungs, allowing air to flow in. The contraction of these muscles is essential for drawing air into the lungs during the breathing process.

During exhalation, what is the action of the muscles?

• Stretch

• Compress

• Relax

• Contract

Answer explanation

During exhalation, the muscles involved in breathing, such as the diaphragm and intercostal muscles, relax. The diaphragm moves upward while the intercostal muscles bringthe rib cage downward and inward. This action decreases the volume of the chest cavity and increases the pressure inside the lungs, allowing air to flow out. The relaxation of these muscles is essential for releasing air from the lungs during the breathing process.

Using your knowledge of the respiratory system, explain why Sameeh started breathing heavily and how his body worked to return his breathing to normal.

True or false. The ribcage is part of the pathway of air into the body?

Answer explanation

The ribcage is not part of the pathway of air into the body. It goes through the mouth/nose, through the trachea, entering the bronchi, bronchioles and ends up in the alveoli.

How does a cold affect Siyaam’s respiratory system, and why does she feel discomfort when breathing?