Chapter 6: Cities and Immigrants

What is urbanization?

• The development of rural farmland

• The migration of people to cities and the growth of urban areas

• The building of factories in rural areas

• The destruction of urban centers

Which best describes the role of political machines?

• They helped farmers organize labor unions

• They provided services to immigrants in exchange for political support

• They fought to limit immigration to urban centers

• They enforced federal laws in rural areas

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 was the first U.S. law to:

• Limit immigration based on race and nationality

• Provide immigrants with housing and education

• Promote fair wages for immigrant workers

• Allow unlimited immigration from Asia

What was the Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907?

• A treaty that banned all immigration from Europe

• An agreement that limited Japanese immigration in exchange for better treatment of Japanese-Americans

• A law that ended political machines in urban centers

• A government program to encourage urban migration

What term describes densely populated areas with industries, businesses, and housing?

• Urban centers

• Suburban areas

• Rural towns

• Metropolitan highways

What prompted the rapid migration of African Americans to urban centers in the early 20th century?

• Opportunities for land ownership in cities

• The availability of industrial jobs and escape from racial discrimination in the South

• Free housing offered by the federal government

• New immigration quotas for European workers

What is one reason political machines were criticized in the late 19th century?

• They encouraged fair hiring practices

• They helped fund public education programs

• They were often associated with corruption and voter fraud

• They created more opportunities for middle-class Americans

Which group faced the greatest restrictions under the Chinese Exclusion Act?

• European immigrants

• Skilled Asian laborers

• Chinese laborers

• Immigrants from Mexico

How did political machines gain power in urban centers?

• By controlling the local press and media outlets

• By supporting wealthy industrialists at the expense of workers

• By providing housing and jobs to immigrants in exchange for votes

• By cooperating with federal government programs

What was one major difference between immigrants before 1880 and new immigrants from 1880-1924?

• New immigrants primarily came from Western Europe, while earlier immigrants came from Eastern Europe

• New immigrants were more likely to settle in urban centers, while earlier immigrants settled in rural areas

• Earlier immigrants faced harsher discrimination than new immigrants

• New immigrants primarily came from Southern and Eastern Europe, while earlier immigrants came from Northern and Western Europe