Chemistry 2nd Semester Exam Review 2025

The characteristic properties of acids are:

• Sour taste, turn blue litmus red, react with metals to produce hydrogen gas

• Bitter taste, turn red litmus blue, feel slippery

• Sweet taste, do not affect litmus paper, do not react with metals

• No taste, turn blue litmus blue, react with non-metals

Which of the following best defines an amphoteric substance and provides two reactions that prove water is amphoteric?

• A substance that can act as both an acid and a base; H₂O + HCl → H₃O⁺ + Cl⁻ and H₂O + NH₃ → OH⁻ + NH₄⁺

• A substance that only acts as a base; H₂O + HCl → H₃O⁺ + Cl⁻ and H₂O + NaOH → Na⁺ + OH⁻

• A substance that only acts as an acid; H₂O + NH₃ → OH⁻ + NH₄⁺ and H₂O + NaOH → Na⁺ + OH⁻

• A substance that is neutral and does not react; H₂O + HCl → H₃O⁺ + Cl⁻ and H₂O + NH₃ → OH⁻ + NH₄⁺

Calculate the [H+] for a solution with a pH of 5.2.

Name the following acid: HNO₂

Predict the products of this neutralization reaction: H₂SO₄ + Ca(OH)₂ →

• CaSO₄ + 2H₂O

• CaO + H₂SO₄

• Ca(OH)₂ + SO₂

• CaSO₃ + 2H₂O

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

What is the pH of a solution with [OH⁻] = 1.0 × 10⁻³ M?

• 11

• 3

• 7

• 9

Write the formula for perbromic acid.

• HBrO₄

• HBrO₃

• HBrO₂

• HBrO

Calculate the pOH of a solution with [H⁺] = 3.2 × 10⁻⁹ M.

• 5.5

• 8.5

• 4.0

• 9.0

Identify the conjugate base of HCO₃⁻.

• CO₃²⁻

• H₂CO₃

• OH⁻

• HCO₃²⁻

What is the [OH⁻] in a solution with a pH of 10.5?

• 3.16 × 10⁻⁴ M

• 1.0 × 10⁻⁷ M

• 3.16 × 10⁻⁵ M

• 1.0 × 10⁻³ M