Unit 9

What is the primary reason that plants and shrubs thrive in a tropical rainforest when a large tree is removed?

• Increased sunlight availability

• Reduced soil moisture

• Higher herbivore activity

• Enhanced nutrient levels

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

In an ecosystem, different species interact in various ways. Which interactions are examples of commensalism? Select THREE examples of commensalism.

• Remoras attach themselves to sharks. The remoras feed on the leftovers from the shark's meals, while the shark is not affected.

• Bees collect nectar from flowers. The flowers are pollinated in the process, benefiting both the bees and the flowers.

• Orchids grow on the branches of trees. The orchids receive sunlight and nutrients, while the tree is not harmed.

• Oxpeckers feed on ticks found on rhinoceroses. The oxpeckers get food, and the rhinoceroses benefit from pest removal.

• Barnacles attach to the shells of turtles. The barnacles gain mobility, while the turtles are not affected.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-2

Two students were tasked with illustrating parts of a forest ecosystem. Student A depicted all the deer in the forest. Student B illustrated all the living organisms, including plants and animals, in the forest. Which of these correctly identifies the level of organization that each student illustrated?

• Student A illustrated a community, and Student B illustrated an organism.

• Student A illustrated a population, and Student B illustrated an ecosystem.

• Student A illustrated an organism, and Student B illustrated a population.

• Student A illustrated an ecosystem, and Student B illustrated a community.

What type of wave has oscillations that are perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer?

• Transverse waves

• Longitudinal waves

• Surface waves

• Standing waves

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-1

What type of wave has particles that oscillate in the same direction as the wave's propagation?

• Longitudinal waves

• Transverse waves

• Surface waves

• Standing waves

What type of wave occurs when the oscillation is perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer?

• Transverse wave

• Longitudinal wave

• Surface wave

• Mechanical wave

In which type of wave does the energy travel parallel to the direction of wave propagation?

• Longitudinal wave

• Transverse wave

• Surface wave

• Electromagnetic wave

In transverse waves, how is the direction of energy transfer oriented with respect to the wave's motion?

• Perpendicular

• Parallel

• Circular

• Diagonal

What is a characteristic of longitudinal waves?

• They transfer energy parallel to the wave direction.

• They transfer energy perpendicular to the wave direction.

• They transfer energy in a spiral motion.

• They do not transfer energy.

What type of wave is created in a slinky when you compress and release it?

• Longitudinal wave

• Transverse wave

• Surface wave

• Electromagnetic wave