224/25 Final Exam

An incomplete energy transformation diagram is shown below. Wind turns a turbine and creates electricity. Which types of energy complete this energy transformation diagram for the turbine?

• X: solar energy Y: mechanical energy

• X: chemical energy Y: solar energy

• X: nuclear energy Y: chemical energy

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A student rapidly rubs the palms of both hands together. Which sequence correctly describes the energy transformations that occur?

• chemical → mechanical → heat

• mechanical → heat → chemical

• mechanical → nuclear → heat

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which of these is an example of an exothermic chemical process?

• melting ice

• photosynthesis of glucose

• combustion of gasoline

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

A cup of water at 40°C and a cup of water at 5°C are left on a table. Which graph correctly shows the temperature of the two cups of water as time passes?

• [Graph A]

• [Graph B]

• [Graph C]

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

When a steel block at 100°C is placed on top of a copper block at 20°C, the thermal energy of the copper begins to increase. Which of the following is the source of this increase in energy?

• the work done by the molecules within the copper

• the work done by the interaction of the two metals

• heat flowing by means of conduction

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

The diagram shown represents a closed energy system. The system contains equal masses of air, copper, granite, and water in a perfectly insulated container. The temperatures were taken at the time the materials were placed in the closed system. How will the temperatures of the materials change over an extended period of time?

• The temperature of each material will remain constant.

• Warmer materials will get warmer and cooler materials will get cooler.

• All of the materials will reach the same temperature.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

Dee adds five grams of a chemical to one liter of liquid and observes a reaction. If the reaction is endothermic, what will happen?

• The volume of the liquid will increase.

• The temperature of the liquid will increase.

• The temperature of the liquid will decrease.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

When a cold tire is inflated to a certain pressure and then is warmed up due to friction with the road, the pressure increases. This happens because the

• A. air molecules hit the walls of the tire less frequently.

• B. rubber in the tire reacts with oxygen in the atmosphere.

• C. air molecules speed up and collide with the tire walls more often.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

Which generalization can be made about the relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas?

• As the temperature of a gas decreases, its volume stays the same.

• As the temperature of a gas increases, its volume increases.

• As the temperature of a gas increases, its volume stays the same.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

When a gas is heated in a closed container, the internal pressure increases. Which best describes the reason for the increase in pressure?

• A. The average kinetic energy of the gas molecules decreases.

• B. The average kinetic energy of the gas molecules increases.

• C. The potential energy of the gas decreases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4