🟡Topic 8 | The Reconstruction Era Study Set

Carpetbagger

• A term for a southerner who supported the Union during the Civil War.

• A negative term for a northerner who went to the South immediately after the Civil War; especially one who tried to gain political or economic advantage from the disorganized situation in southern states.

• A nickname for soldiers who fought in the Civil War.

• A term used to describe the economic policies of the Reconstruction era.

14th amendment

• Establish citizenship for African Americans

• Repeal of 3/5 Compromise

• Denial of former confederate officials (traitors & insurrectionists) from holding national or state office

• Establish a national language

Tenant Farming

• System in which a farmer paid rent to a landowner for the use of the land.

• A method where farmers own the land they cultivate.

• A practice where landowners work the land themselves without hiring labor.

• A system of farming that relies solely on government subsidies.

Compromise of 1877

• Remove military from South

• Appoint a Republican to cabinet

• Approve federal money for education

• Increase taxes in the South

Share-Tenancy

• A system where the farmer plants crops chosen by the landowner and uses supplies provided by the landowner.

• A farming arrangement where the farmer chooses the crop and buys his own supplies.

• A method of farming where the farmer works land owned by someone else without any input.

• A type of agriculture where the farmer is paid a fixed salary regardless of the crop produced.

Sharecropping

• A system where landowners give land for free to families

• A type of farm system where families pay landowners a share of the crop

• A farming method that guarantees wealth for all involved

• A practice that ended after the Civil War

Grandfather Clause

• A clause that allowed all citizens to vote regardless of their ancestry.

• A clause added to voter registration laws throughout the South that disallowed any person to vote if they or their ancestors had not voted before 1867.

• A clause that ensured voting rights for African Americans after the Civil War.

• A clause that required voters to pay a tax before being allowed to register.

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

• A court case that established the legality of segregation under the 'separate but equal' doctrine.

• A case that ruled against Jim Crow laws and promoted racial integration.

• A landmark decision that declared all forms of segregation illegal.

• A case that involved a white man challenging segregation laws.

Scalawag

• A term for a loyal Southern Democrat during Reconstruction.

• A negative term for a white Southerner who collaborated with northern Republicans during Reconstruction, often for personal profit.

• A nickname for Northern soldiers who fought in the Civil War.

• A positive term for Southern leaders who supported Reconstruction efforts.

Poll taxes

• Small fees or taxes required to be paid before voting, primarily affecting poor African-American sharecroppers.

• A type of tax imposed on property ownership that was used to fund public schools.

• A tax levied on income earned by individuals, regardless of their voting status.

• A fee charged for registering to vote, applicable to all citizens.