The Rise of Nationalism in Europe

In Frédéric Sorrieu's prints, what did the statue of Liberty symbolize?

• Absolutist rule

• Democratic and social Republics

• The power of the monarchy

• Economic prosperity

What is a key characteristic of a nation-state?

• Rule by a multinational dynastic empire

• A centralized power exercising control over a defined territory

• Absence of a sense of common identity

• Rulers having sole control without citizen involvement

According to Ernst Renan, what is essential for the existence of a nation?

• A single language, race, or religion

• Common glories in the past and a common will in the present

• A large territory

• Rule by an absolute monarch

What was a significant outcome of the French Revolution?

• Strengthening of the absolute monarchy

• Transfer of sovereignty to a body of citizens

• Establishment of aristocratic privileges

• Suppression of the idea of the nation

Which of the following was NOT a measure taken by the French revolutionaries to create a sense of collective identity?

• Adopting the tricolour flag

• Maintaining the Estates General

• Composing new hymns and commemorating martyrs

• Establishing a centralized administrative system

What was the Napoleonic Code of 1804 primarily known for?

• Reinforcing privileges based on birth

• Establishing equality before the law

• Abolishing the right to property

• Increasing feudal system

What characterized mid-eighteenth-century Europe?

• The presence of unified nation-states

• Division into kingdoms, duchies, and cantons

• A strong sense of collective identity

• A single common language

Which social class was dominant in Europe, socially and politically?

• The peasantry

• The aristocracy

• The middle class

• The clergy

What did liberalism stand for in the early nineteenth century?

• Autocracy and clerical privileges

• Freedom for the individual and equality before the law

• Preservation of social hierarchies

• State-imposed restrictions on the movement of goods and capital

What was the Zollverein?

• A treaty to restore monarchies

• A customs union that abolished tariff barriers

• A set of laws imposed by Napoleon

• A conservative political philosophy