Unit 8 Vocabulary

The process in which one strain of bacteria is changed by a gene or genes from another strain of bacteria is called ________.

• Transformation

• Transcription

• Translation

• Replication

A virus that infects bacteria is called a ________.

• Bacteriophage

• Protozoan

• Prion

• Viroid

The principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine and thymine and between guanine and cytosine is called ________.

• Base pairing

• Transcription

• Replication

• Translation

The process of copying DNA prior to cell division is called ________.

• Replication

• Transcription

• Translation

• Mutation

The principal enzyme involved in DNA replication is ________.

• DNA polymerase

• RNA polymerase

• Ligase

• Helicase

Repetitive DNA at the end of a eukaryotic chromosome is called a ________.

• Telomere

• Centromere

• Exon

• Intron

A single-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose is called ________.

• RNA

• DNA

• Protein

• Lipid

The RNA molecule that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to the rest of the cell is called ________.

• Messenger RNA (mRNA)

• Transfer RNA (tRNA)

• Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

• Small nuclear RNA (snRNA)

The type of RNA that combines with proteins to form ribosomes is called ________.

• Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

• Messenger RNA (mRNA)

• Transfer RNA (tRNA)

• Small nuclear RNA (snRNA)

The type of RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to ribosomes during protein synthesis is called ________.

• Transfer RNA (tRNA)

• Messenger RNA (mRNA)

• Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

• Small nuclear RNA (snRNA)