Biology 1 Final Exam Review 24-25

Scientists at George Mason University are counting the death rates of white-tailed deer in Fairfax County to estimate their population. This type of data is considered

• quantitative data

• qualitative data

• pure science data

• applied science data

A student hypothesized that tomato plants will grow larger tomatoes if calcium is added to the soil. The student put crushed up egg shells that contain calcium in one pot, and one pot without. Which is the dependent variable that is being measured?

• height of the plant stem

• the color of the tomatoes

• the size or diameter of the tomatoes

• the type of pot the tomatoes are in

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

You are able to get a summer job working at a veterinary clinic and you have to feed and water the puppies very specific amounts. Which scientific tools would you use to most accurately measure the food and water?

• an electronic balance and a graduated cylinder

• a flask and forceps

• your hands and your eyes only

• a bathroom scale and a dinner plate

The picture below shows a graduated cylinder filled with a specific amount of water. If a student wanted to fill the cylinder to 15mL, how much water would he have to add?

• 2mL

• 8mL

• 4mL

• 6mL

A Westfield student wanted to test the water content of a watermelon, strawberries, and oranges. They squeezed the juice from the oranges. Then they cut up strawberries and the watermelon and put them in separate blenders. The juice was poured into graduated cylinders to determine the amount of water content each fruit had. What could be an error in this experiment?

• They used a graduated cylinder instead of a beaker, and beakers can hold more juice/liquid.

• There is no evidence that any of this would be an error.

• The student should have used a vegetable like a carrot, which has less juice.

• If some fruits are squeezed and others blended, you would get different juice amounts.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ETS1-3

Some students at Westfield want to study how temperature affects bacterial growth. They put 4 Petri dishes in different temperatures: 1. in a chicken egg incubator (37°C) 2. in a downstairs bathroom (21°C) 3. in the refrigerator (10°C) 4. in the freezer (0°C). Bacterial growth is measured by estimating the percentage of each dish covered by bacteria at the end of a four day growth period. Bacteria growth is represented by the white streaks in the picture below. The independent variable in this experiment is

• the type of bacteria

• the temperature

• the amount of bacteria growing

• the length of time the bacteria grow

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

We can find ostriches in Africa and Emus in Australia. Emus are very close cousins of the Ostrich. Scientists think they were once one species of large bird that diverged into two. This separation of a single species into two species by the ocean is called:

• Convergent evolution

• Lamarck's Theory of Acquired Characteristics

• Reproductive isolation

• Erosion of the mountain sides

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS4-2

Charles Darwin said species can change over time, and sometimes there are mutations. Which choice below would be an example of organisms mutating resulting in new, different species?

• Birds singing and people listening to their songs

• Giraffes stretching their necks to reach higher vegetation

• Bacteria mutating to new strains that antibiotics no longer work on

• A frog eating the smaller fish in a pool of water for survival

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

Potato farmers in Ireland in the mid-1800’s all grew the same type of potato. Then a mushroom/fungus infected the crop, almost all of the potatoes died. This one species of potato almost went extinct because they

• were the result of the war

• had little genetic diversity to survive the fungus

• had increased health because of more water

• were the product of fertilization by farmers

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-2

NGSS.MS-LS4-4

A student set up a small freshwater fish bowl. The bowl included water, fish, gravel, a snail, and plants, as represented below. Which statement best describes the student measuring an abiotic factor using this setup?

• He feeds the fish 2 grams of fish food made from insects twice a day.

• He records the temperature of the water.

• He measures the growth of the plants with a metric ruler.

• He observes the snail eat algae off the gravel.