Diseases and Conditions of the Urinary System

nephrolithiasis

• Renal calculi; kidney stones.

• Urinary tract infection

• Chronic kidney disease

• Acute renal failure

renal cell carcinoma

• A benign tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood.

• A cancerous tumor of the kidney occurring in adulthood.

• A non-cancerous growth in the kidney that requires no treatment.

• A type of kidney stone that causes pain and discomfort.

urinary tract infection (UTI)

• Infection originating in the bladder, causing symptoms like pain or burning with urination, fever, fatigue, and urinary urgency.

• A viral infection affecting the kidneys, leading to severe abdominal pain.

• A bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs, causing coughing and difficulty breathing.

• A fungal infection that occurs in the skin, leading to rashes and itching.

cystocele

• Herniation of the bladder through the vaginal wall of the female reproductive system.

• Inflammation of the bladder lining.

• Prolapse of the uterus into the vaginal canal.

• A type of ovarian cyst that causes pain.

diabetes mellitus (DM)

• A condition characterized by inadequate secretion or improper utilization of insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels and symptoms like glycosuria, hyperglycemia, polydipsia, and polyuria.

• A condition where the body produces too much insulin, causing low blood sugar levels.

• A genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to absorb glucose from the bloodstream.

• A temporary condition that occurs during pregnancy, leading to high blood sugar levels.

nephritic syndrome

• A group of clinical signs and symptoms causing glomerulonephritis, marked by blood and protein in the urine and edema.

• A condition characterized by high blood pressure and swelling in the legs.

• An autoimmune disorder affecting the kidneys and leading to kidney failure.

• A type of diabetes that affects kidney function.

renal ischemia

• A condition where blood flow to the glomerulus severely decreases, resulting in atrophy and scarring of the kidney tissue.

• A condition characterized by excessive blood flow to the kidneys, leading to hypertrophy of kidney tissue.

• A temporary increase in blood flow to the renal arteries, causing kidney enlargement.

• A condition where blood flow to the kidneys is normal but filtration is impaired due to inflammation.

vesicovaginal fistula

• Abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina, often resulting from tissue damage, characterized by urinary or fecal incontinence.

• A condition where the bladder is inflamed and causes pain during urination.

• A surgical procedure to repair the bladder.

• An infection that affects the vaginal area.

glomerulonephritis

• Inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidney.

• A type of kidney stone.

• A condition causing high blood pressure.

• A genetic disorder affecting kidney function.

nephrosclerosis

• A disease where the arteriole walls in the kidneys become narrowed and thickened, often due to high blood pressure, leading to renal ischemia.

• A condition characterized by the inflammation of the kidney's glomeruli.

• A type of kidney stone formed from calcium deposits.

• A genetic disorder affecting the kidney's ability to filter blood.