Study Guide - Evolution and Scientific Theories

Define evolution.

• The process by which populations change over time through changes in heritable traits.

• The study of living organisms and their interactions with the environment.

• The classification of organisms into hierarchical categories.

• The process of organisms becoming extinct.

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What process drives evolution?

• Photosynthesis

• Natural selection

• Cellular respiration

• Genetic drift

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What happens to organisms that are more adapted to their environment?

• They are more likely to survive and reproduce.

• They become extinct.

• They migrate to new environments.

• They lose their adaptations over time.

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What are the 3 driving forces of natural selection?

• Mutation, migration, and genetic drift

• Variation, inheritance, and more offspring then can survive

• Photosynthesis, respiration, and digestion

• Extinction, adaptation, and migration

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In science, what does the word "theory" mean?

• A guess or assumption

• incorporates facts, laws, inferences, observations and hypotheses

• A hypothesis that has not been tested

• An unproven idea

What supports scientific theories?

• Opinions and beliefs

• Experimental and observational evidence

• Speculation and conjecture

• Anecdotal evidence

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Can scientific theories be refined or replaced? If so, how?

• No, they are final and unchangeable.

• Yes, through new evidence and better explanations.

• Yes, by popular vote.

• No, they are based on absolute truths.

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In science, what is a hypothesis?

• A proven fact

• A testable statement

• A random guess

• An unchangeable truth

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How can a hypothesis be supported or rejected?

• Through personal belief

• By conducting experiments and analyzing data

• By asking friends

• By ignoring evidence

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What is an inference?

• A random guess

• A conclusion based on evidence and reasoning

• A proven fact

• A scientific law

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