Water Unit Review

Where is most of the freshwater on Earth located?

• Underground

• Glaciers and ice

• Rivers and streams

• Wetlands

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

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Which species is described as having a large impact on its ecosystem, potentially leading to a disruption to the ecosystem if removed?

• Invasive species

• Mangrove trees

• Common fish species

• Keystone species

Water that has been artificially warmed after being used to cool industrial machinery is often returned to rivers. This type of thermal pollution has what consequence?

• It does not affect organisms as warm water is not a pollutant

• It can change the composition and diversity of the immediate environment due to lowered dissolved oxygen

• It can increase oxygen levels in the immediate environment which changes the composition and diversity of the environment

• Thermal pollution is only a problem with coal burning power stations

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

What impact does ocean acidification have on marine ecosystems?

• Weakens calcium carbonate shells of marine organisms

• Boosts photosynthesis in marine algae

• Increases the salinity of ocean water

• Elevates ocean temperatures

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

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What happens to rainfall in a watershed?

• It is all absorbed by plants.

• It flows to the highest point of the land.

• It drains to rivers, lakes, and oceans.

• It immediately evaporates.

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NGSS.MS-ESS2-4

Why are mangroves considered important in marine ecosystems?

• They prevent coastal erosion

• They decrease ocean temperatures

• They increase salinity

• They reduce marine species biodiversity

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

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What main role do invasive species play in their new ecosystems?

• Outcompete native species and disrupt local ecosystems

• Promote biodiversity

• Enhance food chain stability

• Increase local species population

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Which of the following is a result of warming ocean temperatures on coral reefs?

• Increased fish spawning

• Coral bleaching

• Enhanced reef biodiversity

• Strengthened coral structures

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NGSS.MS-LS1-5

NGSS.MS-LS2-5

Organisms living in coastal areas must adapt to what changes?

• water level and degrees of salinity

• water level and amount of sunlight

• temperature and availability of oxygen

• temperature and available nutrients

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NGSS.MS-LS2-4

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

Which of the following would be considered among the most biologically productive ecosystems?

• barrier island

• estuary

• river

• salt marsh

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