Simple and Complex Genetics Review

What is a Punnett Square used for?

• To track possible phenotypes from genotypes

• To determine the exact genotype of an organism

• To calculate the age of an organism

• To measure the size of a population

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

• Dominant alleles require two copies to express their trait; recessive alleles express their trait even if only one copy is present.

• Dominant alleles express their trait even if only one copy is present; recessive alleles require two copies to express their trait.

• Dominant alleles are always more common in a population than recessive alleles; recessive alleles are rare.

• Dominant alleles can only be inherited from one parent; recessive alleles can be inherited from both parents.

What is a heterozygous genotype?

• A genotype with two identical alleles for a trait.

• A genotype with two different alleles for a trait.

• A genotype that expresses only one allele.

• A genotype that has no alleles present.

What is a homozygous genotype?

• A genotype with two identical alleles for a trait.

• A genotype with two different alleles for a trait.

• A genotype that expresses only one allele.

• A genotype that has no alleles present.

What is the definition of a phenotype?

• The genetic makeup of an organism.

• The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism.

• The process of natural selection.

• The evolutionary history of a species.

What does DNA contain that codes for proteins?

• Chromosomes

• Genes

• Nucleotides

• Ribosomes

What is codominance?

• A genetic situation where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed.

• A genetic situation where one allele completely masks the effect of another.

• A genetic situation where neither allele is expressed in the phenotype.

• A genetic situation where alleles blend to form an intermediate phenotype.

What is the definition of a genotype?

• The physical appearance of an organism.

• The genetic makeup of an organism, represented by alleles.

• The environment in which an organism lives.

• The process of cell division in organisms.

What is the genotypic ratio of the offspring in a monohybrid cross?

• 1:2:1

• 3:1

• 2:1

• 1:1:1

From whom is one chromosome in each pair inherited?

• One from the mother and one from the father

• Both chromosomes from the mother

• Both chromosomes from the father

• One from a sibling and one from a parent