Chemical Bonding and Reactions Quiz

What is the difference between a covalent bond and an ionic bond?

• A covalent bond shares electrons, and an ionic bond transfers electrons

• A covalent bond transfers electrons, and an ionic bond shares electrons

• Ionic bonds are weaker than covalent bonds

• A covalent bond occurs between metals, and an ionic bond occurs between nonmetals

What does the term "electronegativity" refer to?

• The ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond

• The energy required to break a bond between two atoms

• The ability of an atom to repel electrons in a bond

• The total number of electrons in a molecule

What determines whether a bond is polar or nonpolar?

• The difference in atomic masses

• The difference in electronegativity between two atoms

• The difference in atomic radii

• The difference in molecular weight

Which of the following bonds is polar?

• H - F

• H - H

• N - O

• O - C

In the molecule BF₃, what is the molecular geometry, and is it polar or nonpolar?

• Linear, polar

• Trigonal planar, nonpolar

• Tetrahedral, nonpolar

• Bent, polar

Explain why the water molecule (H₂O) has a bent shape, and how this shape affects its polarity.

• Due to the repulsion between hydrogen atoms, resulting in a bent shape and a polar molecule

• Due to the repulsion between lone pairs of electrons on oxygen, resulting in a bent shape and a polar molecule

• Water is linear, and this makes it polar

• The bent shape results in a nonpolar molecule

How does the presence of lone pairs on the central atom affect the polarity of a molecule?

• Lone pairs cause a molecule to be nonpolar

• Lone pairs increase symmetry, making the molecule polar

• Lone pairs can distort the geometry and lead to a polar molecule

• Lone pairs have no effect on molecular polarity

How does the VSEPR theory help predict the geometry of a molecule, and how does this prediction affect bond polarity in molecules like H₂O and CO₂?

• VSEPR theory predicts the shape but does not affect polarity

• VSEPR theory predicts molecular geometry based on the repulsion of electron pairs, which affects the distribution of bond dipoles and overall polarity

• VSEPR theory predicts that all molecules are polar

• VSEPR theory is not relevant to molecular polarity

if you place a central atom with three bonding pairs and one lone pair, what molecular geometry appears for the molecule?

• Trigonal planar

• Tetrahedral

• Trigonal pyramidal

• Bent

when you model a molecule with two bonding pairs and two lone pairs? What is the molecular shape?

• Trigonal planar

• Tetrahedral

• Trigonal pyramidal

• Bent