Front

What is DNA?

Back

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is the molecule that carries the genetic instructions for life. It is composed of two strands that coil around each other to form a double helix.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

How many base pairs are there in one full DNA twist?

Back

There are 10 base pairs in one full twist of the DNA double helix.

Front

What is the process of transcription?

Back

Transcription is the process by which the information in a DNA sequence is copied into a complementary RNA sequence.

Front

What is the process of translation?

Back

Translation is the process by which the sequence of nucleotides in mRNA is read by tRNA to synthesize a protein.

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. There are 20 different amino acids that combine in various sequences to form proteins.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence that can lead to changes in the structure and function of proteins.

Front

What is a nonsense mutation?

Back

A nonsense mutation is a type of mutation where a single nucleotide change results in a premature stop codon, leading to a truncated protein.

Front

What is a missense mutation?

Back

A missense mutation is a type of mutation where a single nucleotide change results in the substitution of one amino acid for another in a protein.

Front

What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the cellular structures where proteins are synthesized by translating mRNA into amino acid sequences.