Big Bang Test Bank

What is Hubble's Law and how does it relate to the expansion of the universe?

• Hubble's Law states that galaxies are moving towards us, indicating a universe that is getting smaller
• Hubble's Law states that galaxies are moving away from us, indicating a universe that is expanding
• Hubble's Law states that galaxies are stationary, indicating a static universe
• Hubble's Law states that galaxies are moving in random directions, indicating a chaotic universe

The most commonly held theory of the origin of the universe claims that it formed as the result of a violent event that rapidly sent all matter in existence flying outward from a single point. This theory is supported by which of the following observations?

• All of the galaxies in the universe appear to be moving away from one another.
• All of the objects in the universe are approximately the same age.
• The temperature in all parts of the universe is relatively consistent.
• All elements are evenly distributed in all parts of the universe.

The diagram provided shows the emission spectrum of sodium from three different galaxies as observed from Earth, along with the sodium spectrum as observed in laboratory conditions. The expected red shift that supports the idea of an expanding universe would predict that the order of these three galaxies, from closest to farthest, is which of the following?

• Galaxy 2, Galaxy 3, Galaxy 1
• Galaxy 1, Galaxy 3, Galaxy 2
• Galaxy 1, Galaxy 2, Galaxy 3
• Galaxy 3, Galaxy 2, Galaxy 1

Which of the following observations about hydrogen and helium provides the best evidence to support the big bang theory?

• The composition of gases in stars and in the universe is ¾ hydrogen and ¼ helium.
• Within the cores of stars, atoms of hydrogen are fused into atoms of helium.
• Hydrogen and helium are only found in the form of a gas in the universe.
• One atom of helium has twice the atomic mass of one atom of hydrogen.

Cosmic microwave background radiation is the term used for the microwave radiation observed everywhere in the universe. The existence of this radiation is used as evidence to support the big bang theory because, in our current understanding, this radiation is–

• energy left over from the rapid expansion of matter.
• the result of high speed collisions of atoms.
• an indication that the universe is getting hotter.
• proof that the size of the universe is decreasing.

What is the best description of the big bang?

• A massive explosion that created everything in the universe
• Two planets collided, creating the Sun and other planets.
• A rapid expansion of a densely packed, small area that expanded into the universe that we know today
• An explanation of how the universe is expanding and how big it is

What does it mean if a galaxy gives off light that has been shifted toward the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum?

• The galaxy is moving away from Earth.
• The galaxy is much older than Earth.
• The galaxy is very hot and has not cooled down.
• The remnants of an explosion are between the galaxy and Earth.

What is one piece of evidence that supports the big bang theory?

• The universe is cooling down
• The rotation and revolution of the Earth
• That the universe formed over 13 billion years ago
• A weak signal of cosmic microwave background radiation

The temperature of the universe is....

• gradually decreasing
• gradually increasing
• rapidly increasing
• rapidly decreasing
• constant throughout the known history of the universe

Which of the following is true about galaxies?

• Galaxies are moving away from each other
• Galaxies are moving toward each other
• Galaxies never move relative to each other
• Galaxies move in a random pattern