Quiz about Thermal Energy Review

Question 1

In heat transfer, heat always flows from the _______________ substance to the _______________ substance.

Accepted Answer

hotter to colder

Answer

colder to hotter

Answer

hotter to hotter

Answer

colder to colder

Question 2

Which direction will the heat flow while this person holds a hot cup of tea?

Accepted Answer

from the cup to her hand

Answer

from her hand to the cup

Answer

no heat is transferred

Question 3

Energy is transferred as heat between two objects of ___________ temperatures.

Accepted Answer

differing

Answer

same

Question 4

As the kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance increases, the temperature of the substance __________.

Accepted Answer

increases

Answer

decreases

Question 5

The measure of average kinetic energy of all the particles within an object is called ____________.

Accepted Answer

temperature

Answer

conduction

Answer

radiation

Answer

heat

Question 6

When you measure the temperature of hot soup, you are measuring the:

Accepted Answer

average kinetic energy of the particles in the soup

Answer

thermal energy given off by the bowl

Answer

specific heat of the bowl

Answer

thermal expansion of the particles in the soup

Question 7

Which of the boxes in the image are at thermal equilibrium? Choose all that apply.

Accepted Answer

B

Accepted Answer

C

Answer

A

Answer

D

Question 8

Which of the boxes shows the correct direction of heat transfer? Choose all that apply.

Accepted Answer

D

Accepted Answer

C

Answer

A

Answer

B

Question 9

What causes hot and cold water to become the same temperature once they are combined?

Accepted Answer

Heat (thermal) energy from the hot water is transferred to the cold water.

Answer

The heat moves from cooler temperature to warmer temperature.

Answer

The energy of the hot water runs out.

Answer

Heat (thermal) energy causes the water to boil.

Question 10

After a candle is blown out, the wax of the candle decreases in temperature. What happens to the molecules of the wax when the temperature of the wax decreases?

Accepted Answer

The energy of the molecules of the wax decreases.

Answer

The wax loses heat molecules.

Answer

The energy of the molecules of the wax increases.

Answer

The cold energy of the molecules of the wax increases.

Question 11

. Flori has one bucket of paint outside and one bucket of paint in her garage. Both paint buckets are the same size and have the same number of molecules. She brings the bucket in from outside and is going to stack it on top of the bucket in the garage. The diagram above shows the buckets now, before they touch. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question. How does the temperature of the garage bucket compare with the temperature of the outside bucket before the buckets touch? What will happen after the buckets have been touching for a while

Accepted Answer

Before the buckets touch, the garage bucket is hotter than the outside bucket. Once the buckets are touching, the garage bucket will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler outside bucket until both buckets reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

Answer

Before the buckets touch, the garage bucket is cooler than the outside bucket. Once the buckets are touching, the hotter outside bucket will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler garage bucket until both buckets reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

Answer

Before the buckets touch, the garage bucket is hotter than the outside bucket. Once the buckets are touching, the cooler outside bucket will gain kinetic energy until the molecules of both buckets have an energy of 18, because hotter things increase the temperature of cooler things.

Answer

Before the buckets touch, the two buckets are different temperatures. Once the buckets are touching, both kinetic energy and cold energy will transfer between the molecules of the two buckets until both buckets reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

Question 12

Engineers design computers to cool down quickly so they do not break. What happens to the molecules in a computer when the temperature of the computer decreases

Accepted Answer

The energy of the molecules in the computer decreases.

Answer

The computer loses heat molecules.

Answer

The cold energy of the molecules in the computer increases.

Answer

The energy of the molecules in the computer increases.

Question 13

Bradley pours some iced tea into a glass. When he puts the ice tea in the glass, the energy of the glass decreases. What must be true of the energy of the iced tea?

Accepted Answer

The energy of the iced tea increases while the energy of the glass decreases

Answer

The energy of the iced tea stays the same while the energy of the glass decreases.

Answer

The energy of the iced tea decreases while the energy of the glass decreases.

Answer

It is impossible to know without data on the number of molecules in each object.

Question 14

Raven cooked a pot of soup, then put half the soup in the freezer for a while. Now the soup in the pot is hot, and the soup in the freezer is cold. What is the difference between the molecules of the soup in the pot and the molecules of the soup in the freezer

Accepted Answer

The molecules of the soup in the pot are moving faster than the molecules of the soup in the freezer.

Answer

The molecules of the soup in the freezer are smaller than the molecules of the soup in the pot.

Answer

There is no difference because all of the soup is made of the same type of molecules.

Answer

The molecules of the soup in the pot are moving and the molecules of the soup in the freezer are not moving.

Question 15

Mary has two sets of two gears (Set A and Set B) that he is using to build two different machines. He has all the gears laying out separately, as shown in the diagram above. Then he puts the gears into the machines so that the gears in Set A are touching each other and the gears in Set B are touching each other. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question. After the gears have been touching for a while, which of the two bottom gears will be cooler, and why?

Accepted Answer

The larger bottom gear will be cooler than the smaller bottom gear, because the energy that transferred to it was spread out over more molecules.

Answer

Both gears will be the same temperature, because both of the top gears had the same amount of energy to transfer and the molecules in the bottom gears start with the same energy.

Answer

The larger bottom gear will be cooler than the smaller bottom gear. It started with more total energy, so less energy had to transfer for both gears in Set B to reach the same total energy.

Answer

The smaller bottom gear will be cooler than the larger bottom gear, because less energy has to transfer for the molecules to reach the same temperature as the molecules of the top gear.

Question 16

How will the temperatures of the two top books compare after the books have been touching for a while?

Accepted Answer

The top book in Stack 1 will be cooler than the top book in Stack 2.

Answer

The top book of Stack 2 will be cooler than the top book in Stack 1.

Answer

Both stacks of books will be at equilibrium.

Question 17

In some places, hot water from underground can shoot up into the air through a hole in the ground. When this happens, the ground surrounding the water increases in temperature. What happens to the molecules in the ground when the temperature of the ground increases?

Accepted Answer

c. The energy of the molecules in the ground increases.

Answer

a. More heat molecules combine with the molecules in the ground.

Answer

b. The energy of the molecules in the ground decreases.

Answer

d. The cold energy of the molecules in the ground decreases.

Question 18

A space shuttle is covered with two layers of carbon. The two layers are the same size and have the same number of molecules. When the space shuttle is sitting on the ground, the layers do not touch, as shown in the diagram above. When the space shuttle takes off, the layers move so that they are touching. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question.

How does the temperature of the outer layer compare with the temperature of the inner layer before the layers touch? What will happen after the layers have been touching for a while?

Accepted Answer

a. Before the layers touch, the outer layer is hotter than the inner layer. Once the layers are touching, the outer layer will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler inner layer until both layers reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

Answer

b. Before the layers touch, the outer layer is hotter than the inner layer. Once the layers are touching, the cooler inner layer will gain kinetic energy until the molecules of both layers have an energy of 90, because hotter things increase the temperature of cooler things.

Answer

c. Before the layers touch, the outer layer is cooler than the inner layer. Once the layers are touching, the inner layer will transfer kinetic energy to the molecules in the cooler outer layer until both layers reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

Answer

d. Before the layers touch, the layers are different temperatures. Once the layers are touching, kinetic energy and cold energy will transfer between the molecules in the two layers until both layers reach the same temperature, which will be in between their starting temperatures.

Question 19

Engineers design computers to cool down quickly so they do not break. What happens to the molecules in a computer when the temperature of the computer decreases?

Accepted Answer

a. The energy of the molecules in the computer decreases.

Answer

b. The energy of the molecules in the computer increases.

Answer

c. The cold energy of the molecules in the computer increases.

Answer

d. The computer loses heat molecules.

Question 20

True or False: This system is at equilibrium.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 21

Eric pours some iced tea into a glass. When he puts the iced tea in the glass, the energy of the glass decreases. What must be true of the energy of the iced tea?

Accepted Answer

c. Its energy increases while the energy of the glass decreases.

Answer

a. Its energy stays the same while the energy of the glass decreases.

Answer

b. Its energy decreases while the energy of the glass decreases.

Answer

d. It is impossible to know without data on the number of molecules in each object.

Question 22

Which way would energy transfer and why?

Accepted Answer

There will be no energy transfer becauase the temperatures are the same

Answer

Sample A would transfer energy to Sample B because A has less energy

Answer

Sample B would transfer energy to Sample A because B has more energy

Answer

Both samples will transfer energy to each other because they have the same temperature but different thermal energies

Question 23

Which sample has the most thermal energy?

Accepted Answer

B

Answer

A

Answer

C

Answer

Not enough information

Question 24

Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The total thermal energy of A is greater than the total thermal energy of B

Accepted Answer

The average kinetic energy of A is greater than the average kinetic energy of B

Answer

The total thermal energy of B is greater than the total thermal energy of A

Answer

The average kinetic energy of B is greater than the average kinetic energy of A

Question 25

True or False: Based on your interpretation of the diagram and your knowledge of kinetic energy transfer is sample E and sample F are at thermal equilibrium.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 26

Eryk has a bottle of ice water with a temperature of 0 degrees Celsius. When he mixes his water with Kelli's, the water now has a temperature of 20 degrees Celsius. What happened to the energy in Eryk's water?

Accepted Answer

Energy was transferred from Kelli's water into Eryk's water which caused Eryk's water to warm up.

Answer

More energy was created causing Eryk's water to warm up.

Answer

Energy was transferred from Erky's water into Kelli's water which caused Eryk's water to warm up.

Question 27

Joseph puts a piece of toast on a plate. The toast is hot from the toaster. When he puts the toast on the plate, the energy of the plate increases. What must be true of the energy of the toast?

Accepted Answer

b. Its energy decreases while the energy of the plate increases.

Answer

a. Its energy stays the same while the energy of the plate increases.

Answer

c. Its energy increases while the energy of the plate increases.

Answer

d. It is impossible to know without data on the number of molecules in each object.

Question 28

After analyzing Diagram 1 and Diagram 2 select the option that best describes the difference between the two diagrams.

Accepted Answer

Diagram 1 has more thermal energy and a lower temperature than Diagram 2

Answer

Diagram 2 has less thermal energy and a lower temperature than Diagram 1

Answer

Diagram 1 has more thermal energy and a higher temperature than Diagram 2

Answer

Diagram 2 has more thermal energy and a higher temperature than Diagram 1

Question 29

Lin cooked a pot of soup, then put half the soup in the freezer for a while. Now the soup in the pot is hot, and the soup in the freezer is cold. What is the difference between the molecules of the soup in the pot and the molecules of the soup in the freezer?

Accepted Answer

b. The molecules of the soup in the pot are moving faster than the molecules of the soup in the freezer.

Answer

a. The molecules of the soup in the pot are moving and the molecules of the soup in the freezer are not moving.

Answer

c. There is no difference because all of the soup is made of the same type of molecules.

Answer

d. The molecules of the soup in the freezer are smaller than the molecules of the soup in the pot.

Question 30

When two objects come into contact energy will transfer from...(select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

fast moving molecules to slow moving molecules

Accepted Answer

high temperature objects to low temperature objects

Answer

slow moving molecules to fast moving molecules

Answer

cold temperature objects to hot temperature objects

Question 31

Louis has two sets of two gears (Set A and Set B) that he is using to build two different machines. He has all the gears laying out separately, as shown in the diagram above. Then he puts the gears into the machines so that the gears in Set A are touching each other and the gears in Set B are touching each other. Use the information in the diagram to answer the question.

After the gears have been touching for a while, which of the two bottom gears will be cooler, and why?

Accepted Answer

b. The larger bottom gear will be cooler than the smaller bottom gear, because the energy that transferred to it was spread out over more molecules.

Answer

a. The smaller bottom gear will be cooler than the larger bottom gear, because less energy has to transfer for the molecules to reach the same temperature as the molecules of the top gear.

Answer

c. The larger bottom gear will be cooler than the smaller bottom gear. It started with more total energy, so less energy had to transfer for both gears in Set B to reach the same total energy.

Answer

d. Both gears will be the same temperature, because both of the top gears had the same amount of energy to transfer and the molecules in the bottom gears start with the same energy.

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