Chapter 11 Vocabulary

Monocultures

• Large-scale plantings of a single crop.

• Planting multiple crops in the same area.

• A method of crop rotation.

• A type of organic farming.

Maximum Sustainable Yield

• The maximum amount of a resource that can be harvested without reducing the amount of future harvests.

• The total amount of a resource that can be harvested in a single year.

• The minimum amount of a resource that must be left to ensure future harvests.

• The average amount of a resource that can be harvested over a decade.

Salvage Logging

• Removal of snags (standing dead trees)

• Planting new trees in deforested areas

• Cutting down healthy trees for timber

• Creating firebreaks to prevent wildfires

Old Growth Forest

• Forest that has never been logged.

• Forest that is regularly logged for timber.

• Forest that has been cleared for agriculture.

• Forest that is primarily composed of young trees.

Sustainable Forestry Certification

• Given to products produced using sustainable methods.

• Awarded to companies with the highest profits.

• Given to products that are non-recyclable.

• Awarded for the fastest production methods.

Ecosystem-based Management

• Harvest resources in ways that minimize impact on ecosystems.

• Maximize resource extraction regardless of environmental impact.

• Focus solely on economic benefits of resource use.

• Implement strict regulations without considering ecosystem health.

Adaptive Management

• A method of managing resources without any testing.

• A process of scientifically testing different management approaches in an area and customizing an approach based on the results.

• A strategy that relies solely on historical data for decision making.

• An approach that avoids any changes once a management plan is established.

Uneven Aged

• Regrowth of trees that were cut at different times.

• A method of planting trees in uniform rows.

• A type of forest management that promotes even growth.

• A technique for harvesting timber in a single cycle.

Even Aged

• Regrowth of trees that were mostly all cut at the same time.

• A method of planting trees in staggered rows.

• A type of forest management that promotes biodiversity.

• A technique for growing trees in alternating ages.

Tree Seed Approach

• A method where all trees are cut down and replanted later.

• Small number of seed-producing trees are left standing to reseed the logged area.

• A technique that involves planting seeds directly into the ground.

• An approach that uses chemical methods to promote tree growth.