IB ESS Topic 2.2

What is the role of producers in an ecosystem?

• Producers convert solar energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis.

• Producers consume other organisms for energy.

• Producers decompose organic matter into nutrients.

• Producers regulate the population of consumers.

What is the energy transfer efficiency between trophic levels?

• Typically around 5% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next.

• Typically around 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next.

• Typically around 20% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next.

• Typically around 50% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next.

What is the largest number of individuals of a population that an environment can support?

• Population density

• Carrying capacity

• Ecological footprint

• Biodiversity

What is a limiting factor?

• A factor that enhances population growth.

• Any factor that limits population growth.

• A factor that has no effect on population growth.

• A factor that only affects animal populations.

What is ecological succession?

• The process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time.

• The study of how ecosystems interact with each other.

• A method of conserving biodiversity in a specific area.

• The phenomenon of species extinction in a habitat.

What is the definition of carrying capacity?

• The total number of species in an ecosystem.

• The maximum population size that an environment can sustain.

• The average lifespan of a species in a habitat.

• The minimum resources required for a species to survive.

What is the difference between biotic and abiotic factors?

• Biotic factors are non-living components, while abiotic factors are living components.

• Biotic factors are the physical environment, while abiotic factors are the organisms.

• Biotic factors are living components of an ecosystem, while abiotic factors are non-living components.

• Biotic factors are the interactions between species, while abiotic factors are the climate conditions.

According to the Greenworld Hypothesis, what controls herbivore abundance?

• Higher trophic levels control herbivore abundance.

• Climate change affects herbivore populations.

• Availability of water resources determines herbivore numbers.

• Soil nutrient levels regulate herbivore diversity.

What is the role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

• Decomposers break down dead organic matter, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.

• Decomposers produce energy through photosynthesis.

• Decomposers compete with producers for sunlight.

• Decomposers are primary consumers that eat plants.

What is a trophic level?

• A position in a food chain or food web, representing the flow of energy and nutrients.

• A type of ecosystem that supports various species.

• The total number of organisms in a habitat.

• A measure of the biodiversity in an area.