Science 7 (4th Quarter) Review

What type of fault is shown in the picture?

• normal dip-slip

• strike-slip

• thrust

• reverse dip-slip

Answer explanation

A reverse dip-slip fault occurs when the hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall, typically due to compressional forces. This matches the characteristics shown in the picture, confirming 'reverse dip-slip' as the correct answer.

Which of the following devices is used to detect earthquake?

• anemometer

• seismograph

• pendulum

• speedometer

Answer explanation

A seismograph is specifically designed to detect and record the vibrations caused by earthquakes, making it the correct choice. An anemometer measures wind speed, a pendulum is a simple weight on a string, and a speedometer measures vehicle speed.

What type of seismic wave is shown in the picture?

• Love wave

• S-wave

• Rayleigh wave

• P-wave

Answer explanation

P-waves, or primary waves, are the fastest seismic waves and travel through solids and liquids. They are compressional waves, moving particles in the same direction as the wave. This characteristic identifies the wave shown as a P-wave.

Which of the following seismic waves is the last to recorded by the seismograph?

• body wave

• primary wave

• surface wave

• secondary wave

Answer explanation

Surface waves are the last to be recorded by a seismograph because they travel along the Earth's surface and arrive after body waves (primary and secondary) which travel through the Earth's interior.

Which of the following is pointed in the picture by a RED ARROW?

• focus

• seismic wave

• fault plate

• epicenter

Answer explanation

The focus is the point within the Earth where an earthquake originates, and it is typically indicated by a red arrow in diagrams. The other options, such as seismic wave and epicenter, refer to different aspects of earthquakes.

Which of the following stresses are present or observed in an oblique-slip fault?

• tensional and compressional stress

• shear and compressional/tensional stress

• shear and tensional stress

• shear and compressional stress

Answer explanation

Oblique-slip faults are characterized by both shear stress and a combination of compressional and tensional stresses, making 'shear and compressional/tensional stress' the correct choice.

Which of the following an individual must do DURING AN EARTHQUAKE?

• Panic and run.

• If you're in a vehicle, stop and stay inside until the shaking stops.

• Use an elevator.

• Repair any cracks on floors and walls.

Answer explanation

During an earthquake, if you're in a vehicle, the safest action is to stop and stay inside until the shaking stops. This prevents accidents and keeps you safe, unlike running or using an elevator.

Which of the following phenomena cannot cause a tsunami?

• typhoon

• landslide

• volcanic eruption

• underwater earthquake

Answer explanation

A typhoon is a storm system and does not displace water in a way that generates tsunamis. In contrast, landslides, volcanic eruptions, and underwater earthquakes can all cause significant water displacement, leading to tsunamis.

Which of the following is a MAJOR TECTONIC PLATE?

• Antarctic Plate

• Cocos Plate

• Arabian Plate

• Caribbean Plate

Answer explanation

The Antarctic Plate is a major tectonic plate, covering the continent of Antarctica. In contrast, the Cocos, Arabian, and Caribbean Plates are considered minor tectonic plates.

Where do earthquakes usually occur?

• earthquake belts

• volcanically active zones

• faults

• ALL OF THE ABOVE

Answer explanation

Earthquakes typically occur in earthquake belts, volcanically active zones, and along faults. Therefore, the correct answer is ALL OF THE ABOVE, as all these locations are associated with seismic activity.