EVOLUTION AND NATURAL SELECTION 40 question test

The ability of an individual organism to survive and reproduce in its natural environment is called …

• evolution

• descent with modification

• biological fitness

• natural selection

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What role did Darwin serve on the HMS Beagle?

• navigator

• captain

• naturalist

• map maker

Which of the following is an example of an adaption?

• the color of a bird’s feathers

• the speed of a wild cat

• the size of a moose’s antlers

• all of the above

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Organisms can undergo evolution, meaning that …

• the genetic makeup of a population may change over time

• the genetic makeup of an organism may change over time

• the genetic makeup of a population shows no variation over time

• the genetic makeup of an organism shows no variation over time

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What is the main difference between natural selection and artificial selection?

• Natural selection is controlled by humans, while artificial selection occurs in the wild.

• Natural selection is random, while artificial selection is purposeful.

• Natural selection leads to genetic diversity, while artificial selection reduces it.

• Natural selection only happens in plants, while artificial selection only happens in animals.

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What is an adaptation?

• the process of choosing desirable traits for breeding

• a trait that increases an organism’s chances for survival and reproduction in its environment

• a change in allele frequencies in a population over time

• the observable characteristics of an organism

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What is the name for the idea that organisms best adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce?

• survival of the fittest

• adaptation principle

• selective breeding

• speciation

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Which of the following is an example of a homologous structure?

• the wings of bats and the wings of birds

• the wings of birds and the wings of an insect

• the wings of birds and the fins of fish

• the eyes of insects and the eyes of mammals

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Which of the following best describes the theory of evolution?

• a personal belief

• an unproven idea

• a fact that all scientists agree upon

• a well-supported scientific explanation for the diversity of life on Earth

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What is the role of mutation in the process of evolution?

• Mutations always lead to beneficial traits.

• Mutations introduce genetic variation into a population.

• Mutations decrease genetic diversity.

• Mutations are not relevant to evolution.

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