Stems, Roots, & Leaves

Which part of the ground tissue cells fills with water to support the plant?

• Mitochondria

• Chloroplasts

• Central vacuoles

• All of the above

Answer explanation

Central vacuoles are large organelles in plant cells that store water, helping to maintain turgor pressure, which supports the plant structure. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have different functions and do not primarily provide support.

Primary growth results in secondary vascular tissue and bark.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

Primary growth refers to the increase in length of the plant, while secondary growth leads to the formation of secondary vascular tissue and bark. Therefore, the statement is FALSE.

Bark is a combination of tissues.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

Bark is indeed a combination of tissues, including phloem, cork, and cambium, which work together to protect and transport nutrients in trees. Therefore, the correct answer is TRUE.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

What replaces some of the epidermal tissue on a tree trunk?

• Leaves

• Bark

• Roots

• None of the above

Answer explanation

Bark is the outer protective layer of a tree that replaces some of the epidermal tissue. It serves to protect the tree from environmental damage and pests, making it the correct answer.

What happens to a tree when the weather gets hot and dry?

• The water will flow up the xylem at a faster rate

• The stomata will open

• The leaves will alter their position to obtain maximum sunlight

• All of the above

Answer explanation

When the weather is hot and dry, trees increase water flow up the xylem to maintain hydration. The stomata typically close to reduce water loss, and leaf position changes for sunlight is not a direct response to heat. Thus, the correct choice is the water flow.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

At each node of a plant stem, there is a bud of _______________ tissue that can divide and specialize into specific structures.

Answer explanation

At each node of a plant stem, there is a bud of meristem tissue. Meristem is a type of tissue that can divide and differentiate into various structures, making it essential for plant growth and development.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4

The thickness of the stem _____ because of the secondary meristem.

• Decreases

• Increases

• First increases and then decreases

• First decreases and then increases

Answer explanation

The thickness of the stem increases due to the activity of the secondary meristem, which contributes to secondary growth, allowing the stem to become thicker over time.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

Which type of tissue protects and waterproofs the stem and also regulates gas exchange?

• Epidermal tissue

• Ground tissue

• Vascular tissue

• All of the above

Answer explanation

Epidermal tissue protects and waterproofs the stem while also regulating gas exchange through structures like stomata. Ground and vascular tissues serve different functions, making epidermal tissue the correct choice.

The stems of vascular plants are made of dermal, vascular, and ground tissues.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

The statement is TRUE because the stems of vascular plants consist of three main types of tissues: dermal (protective), vascular (transport), and ground (support and storage).

Stems are the organs that hold a vascular plant upright for better access to sunlight and air. True or False?

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

TRUE. Stems support vascular plants, allowing them to stand upright and optimize their exposure to sunlight and air, which is essential for photosynthesis.